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Chinese12/1/2006English
經文:撒迦利亞書第五、六章
鑰節:「祂要建造耶和華的殿,並擔負尊榮,坐在位上掌王權;又必在位上作祭司。」(6:13)
提要

        第五章有兩個異象。首先,撒迦利亞看到天空中有一非常大的飛行書卷,它應是打開著的,因為他可以看到內容和書的大小(長九公尺,寬4.5公尺)。書的內容是上帝為那些違犯律法之人的審判。書在頭上飛行是暗示審判會迅速落到那些惡人身上,他們要被逐出以色列這塊上帝的地。這信息在告訴人那些犯罪的人,不能阻礙上帝的工作,因為上帝定要審判他們。

        兩項記在書卷中的罪名是偷竊和指著上的的名起假誓,這大約代表了整個摩西的十誡。偷竊破壞了人對別人應負的責任,起假誓則破壞了人對上帝應負的責任(出20:15、7)。不順服上帝的律法必要受咒詛(參申27:15~26;28:15~68)。人若不在上帝審判之日前悔改,他們就要從上帝的面前被逐出去,罪的咒詛也要留在他們的身上(5:4)。

        第二個異象,撒迦利亞見到一個量器,當中坐一個婦人,象徵著罪惡(5:8;參箴2:16;5:3~4)。就像穀物被放在蒲式耳中一樣,所有的罪和不虔敬都要被聚在一起無法遁逃(被鉛蓋住),且要被移到一個地方(以巴比倫為代表)永遠被上帝扣留在那裡。撒迦利亞又看到兩個婦人,依照上帝的旨意把那量器帶走,讓整個以色列地被潔淨,不再有任何邪惡。那就是彌賽亞主耶穌掌權時候的光景。這個異象和前面那一個帶出相同的信息:沒有任何邪惡勢力,可以阻擋人們去蓋上帝的殿,因為上帝在掌權,上帝定要用祂的方法處置惡人。

        第六章中的四輛馬車,代表上帝的主權遍行全地。有些解經家認為四個顏色的馬各有其意義:紅色代表戰爭;白色是喜樂和得勝;黑色則為災害和苦難;有斑點的指瘟疫。不過,最簡單的解釋是:它們代表上帝在地上不同的工作,這些工作的目標絕無法被推翻。對撒迦利亞的聽眾而言,這個異象代表上帝完全掌握世界,巴比倫已永遠被擊敗,猶太人不必擔心巴比倫還會復起成為強權(6:8)。

        這八個異象(1:7~6:8),最後是以一個象徵性的行動,和對大祭司約書亞的委任作總結,而後者很清處地預表著未來彌賽亞的職事(6:12~15)。撒迦利亞是個祭司,很有可能負責聖殿中司庫的工作,所以可收取從巴比倫來那三人所獻的金和銀。這些捐項來自從被擄之地歸回的猶太人,以及外邦人的捐款(參拉1:6)。這些錢正可用來美化建造中的聖殿。

        上帝要撒迦利亞用這些金銀去做一個精美的冠冕,一方面可記念那些忠實有貢獻的猶太人和外邦人,一方面提醒大家,約書亞加冕所具高度的象徵意義:亦即彌賽亞的加冕。祂是那個苗裔(6:12;3:8)要將祂的祝福從以色列伸展到列國,又要為上帝建立聖殿(即祂的教會;弗2:20),藉此得著榮耀。祂要像麥基洗德一樣(來5:10),成為祭司、君王,這對利未支派的祭司而言,是從未聽過的。大祭司向來只戴布巾而不戴冠冕的,但彌賽亞要把兩者完整的結合在一起。很多遠方的人(外邦人)要來一同建造教會,印證祂的彌賽亞職分。而以色列人也要因著順從上帝的話--耶穌的話,而得以在彌賽亞的祝福和喜樂上有份。

禱告

        主啊!我們每天藉著讀這本讀經日程和指定的經文,得以聽見並認得您的聲音,求您使我們作個能聽的人,也作個能做的人。奉主耶穌基督的名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Zechariah 5&6
Key Verse:"Yes, He [Messiah] shall build the Temple of the Lord. He shall bear the glory, ...He shall be a priest on His throne..."(Zechariah 6:13)
Overview

        In chapter five, we read of two new visions that Zechariah was given by the Lord. When he looked up into the sky he saw a very large flying scroll that must have been unrolled, since Zechariah saw both the contents and size (9 meters by 4.5 meters). The message of the scroll was God's judgment upon transgressors of His Law. The fact that it was flying overhead indicated that the judgments were soon to fall upon the wicked people, including those in Isreal, be they heathens or Jews; they would be expelled from God's land. For Zechariah's audience, this was to show them that those who sin will not hinder God's work, for He has prepared a plan of judgment upon them.

        The two specific transgressions written upon the scroll are (I) stealing, and (2) swearing falsely by God's name. These are most likely representative of all the Ten Commandments. The sin of stealing is the middle commandment in the second table of the law, violating man's duties toward man (Ex. 20:15). The sin of swearing falsely (including using God's name in vain and hypocrisy) is the middle commandment in the first table of the law, violating man's duties toward God (Ex. 20:7). Disobedience to God's laws carries with it a curse which will come to each guilty person (cf. Deut. 27:15-26; 28:15-68). If one has not repented on the appointed day of God's coming judgment of the world, then they will be expelled from the holy presence of God and the curse of sin will come upon them, remain with them, and consume them (5:4).

        In the second vision of chapter five, Zechariah saw a basket (ephah, the largest dry measurement for grain of the ancient Hebrews, just a little larger than a bushel). In the basket was a woman, who symbolized wickedness (5:8; cf. Prov. 2:16; 5:3-4). Just as grains are put into a bushel, so all forms of sin and godlessness would be gathered together, with none escaping (the lead cover), and removed to a place (represented by Babylon) where God would detain them forever. Sinners from every nation, including Israel, will find their place there. Zechariah saw two women who carried away the full ephah with ease, according to God's will. Thus, the land of Israel was purified from all wickedness, which must be the case when the Messiah King Jesus reigns from Jerusalem. The message of this vision for Zechariah's audience is similar to that of his previous one: they are not to allow any wickedness to prevent them from building the Temple of God, for God is sovereign, even over the wicked with whom He will certainly deal according to their ways.

        The four chariots in chapter six represent the Lord's sovereign activity throughout the whole earth. Some commentators give certain meanings to the different colours of horses, such as the red signifying war; the white, joy and victory; the black, calamity and distress; the grizzled (spotted), plagues and pestilence. However, the most simple explanation is that they represent various forms of the work of God throughout the world, and their goals cannot be overcome or thwarted. To Zechariah's audience, they would understand that God was in control, even over Babylon, who had been permanently defeated. Therefore, the Jews were not to have any fear of Babylon rising again as a world power (6:8).

        The eight symbolic visions (1:7-6:8) conclude with a symbolic act (6:9-11) and the commissioning of Joshua, the High Priest, which clearly foreshadowed the future ministry of the Messiah/High Priest/King (6:12-15). Since Zechariah was a priest, possibly in charge of the Temple treasury, he was to recieve the gifts of silver and gold from the three men from Babylon. This would have been a collection that had been taken up among the Jewish community (who once were captive, but had chosen not to return with Ezra), and some donations possibly came from Gentiles (cf. as in the past; Ezra 1:6). The gift was likely meant for the beautification of the Temple, which was presently under construction.

        The Lord's purpose for the silver and gold was for Zechariah to make an elaborate crown which would remain in the Temple; it would be a memorial to the faithful Jews and Gentiles who contributed, but more importantly it would remind them of the ceremony wherein Joshua was symbolically crowned. The words of the ceremony clearly reveal that Zechariah is referring to the Messiah. Once again He is called "the Branch" (6:12; 3:8), who would spread out from Israel to bless other nations as well and would build the Temple of the Lord (i.e. His Church; Eph. 2:20) and receive the glory for it. Like Melchizedek (Heb. 5:10), He shall be a Priest/King, something unknown in the Levitical priesthood. The high priest wore a turban, but not a crown. The Messiah, however, will combine both offices in perfect unity. His Messiahship would be proven by the many from "far away" (Gentiles), who would help to build His Temple (the Church). Zechariah tells Israel that their enjoyment and participation in the blessing of the Messiah are conditional upon diligent obedience to the voice of the Lord. That voice was and is the voice of Jesus.

Prayer

        Lord God, day by day, even as we read this daily commentary and assigned scripture, we are learning to hear and know Your voice. Enable us, Lord, not just to be hearers of the Word but doers also.


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