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Chinese12/10/2005English
經文:列王紀上二十章
鑰節:「亞蘭人既說我耶和華是山神,不是草原的神,所以我必將這一大群人都交在你手中,你們就知道我是耶和華。」(20:28)
提要

        雖然以色列人在亞哈的統治下嚴重的悖逆上帝,但他們仍是上帝的百姓,上帝也仍然繼續的施憐憫,用許多方法要引他們回到上帝面前。在亞哈年間,上帝差派了兩位最有能力的先知,以利亞和以利沙。此外還有其他從耶洗別手下逃生的先知(18:12)。不過,在本章裡我們看到一位不知名的先知,他沒有因耶洗別的追殺躲藏起來,他帶著上帝的信息突然出現在亞哈面前(20:13)。

        亞蘭王便哈達圍困亞哈的都城撒瑪利亞。便哈達要求亞哈交出他家中一切有價值的物品,包括他美麗的妻子和女兒。亞哈為了避免發生戰爭和必定戰敗的結果(以色列的人數與亞蘭相較起來少得可憐),只得同意他的要求。誰知便哈達得寸進尺的要求整座撒瑪利亞城為戰利品,等於是要亞哈完全投降。亞哈在詢問長老的建議後便斷然拒絕了。

        便哈達過度自信,他誇耀自己軍隊的力量,並且還沒作戰就先舉行慶功宴。亞哈的回答外表看起來很有自信,但他的內心一定很害怕與便哈達對決。雖然亞哈並沒有在這緊急關頭轉向上帝,但上帝仍然因祂的恩典,透過一位先知應許亞哈要使以色列人得勝。上帝這麼做的目的是要再次證明自己,像在迦密山一樣,並再給亞哈一個回轉的機會。亞哈當時大概茫然不知所措,所以問先知他該採取什麼行動。亞哈遵行上帝的指示(20:13~14),上帝使他只憑一小支軍隊就大勝亞蘭王。

        先知警告亞哈,戰爭並未真正結束,他必須保持強大的軍力,預備迎接下一場戰爭。便哈達和他的僕人曉得,他們所以敗給以色列人是因為以色列的上帝與以色列人同在。但由於無知,亞蘭人以為以色列的上帝是山神,他們相信若在平原作戰,上帝就無能為力了。他們以為神是地區性的,只在被敬拜的地區才有力量。亞蘭人有這種想法可能是因上帝的聖殿座落在耶路撒泠,正是一塊山區。這次上帝要使以色列人得勝的理由是:使人知道祂是上帝,祂的力量不受限制。上帝為了祂名的緣故,不會讓以色列人吃敗仗,免得拜偶像的外邦百姓宣稱是他們所拜的神使他們得勝。上帝果然不將榮耀歸給假神。所有的榮耀都屬於祂!(賽42:8、48:11)。

        這次以色列人又是以寡擊眾(20:27),但上帝也再次使他們得到奇蹟式的勝利。亞蘭人逃到亞弗城牆內,以為在那裡可以得著庇護,但誰能向上帝隱藏呢?他們沒有一人能逃避上帝的怒氣。就像耶利哥的奇蹟一樣,上帝使亞弗的城牆倒塌下來壓死他們,不過便哈達卻倖免於死。他知道自己是敗軍之將,因此披上麻布,象徵卑下和屈服。然後向亞哈求情,希望與他立約。亞哈同意了,但他的動機大概不是由於憐憫。他可能是運用外交手腕,想與亞蘭結為聯盟,以應付勢力愈來愈強大的亞述國。這是對上帝缺乏信心的舉動──即使上帝才剛剛以大能拯救了以色列。

        亞哈與亞蘭立約,又留便哈達的活命(上帝已定意要滅絕便哈達;比照掃羅與亞瑪力王亞甲,撒上15:8~9、28、32~33),使他遭受上帝的責備和審判。喬裝成士兵的先知使亞哈自定其罪,就像先知拿單對大衛一樣(撒下12:1~7)。亞哈要用自己的性命來代替便哈達的命(20:42)。

禱告

        上帝啊,您已經應許要作我們的保障,我們倚賴您的看顧。當我們被攻擊時,我們不為自己爭戰,我們只倚靠您那無可匹敵的力量。奉主耶穌聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read 1 Kings 20
Key Verse:"Because the Syrians have said, 'The Lord is God of the hills, but He is not God of the valleys', therefore I will deliver all this great multitude into your hand, and you shall know that I am the Lord."(1 Kings 20:28)
Overview

        Although Israel was in a terrible state of apostacy under Ahab, they were still the people of God, and He continued to show them mercy, using many means to draw them back to Himself. It was during Ahab's reign that God sent two of his mightiest prophets, Elijah and Elisha. There were also other prophets who had been hidden from Ahab's wife Jezebel, since she sought to kill all the prophets of God (18:13). In this chapter, however, we read of an unnamed prophet who was not in hiding but who suddenly appeared before Ahab with a message from God (20:13).

        Ben-Hadad, king of Syria (or Aram), had laid seige to Ahab's capital city of Samaria. Ben-Hadad demanded that Ahab surrender the valuables of his household, including his beautiful wives and children. In order to evade open warfare and sure defeat (Israel was badly outnumbered), Ahab agreed. However, Ben-Hadad then enlarged his demand to include the pillage of every house in Samaria, which would mean total surrender. Upon the advice of the elders, Ahab refused.

        Ben-Hadad was so confident that he boasted of his strength and had a premature victory party (20:16). Ahab's reply outwardly showed confidence (20:11), but inwardly he must have feared the confrontation. Although he had not turned to God at this crisis point, God in His grace spoke through the prophet and promised to give Israel victory. He would thus prove Himself again, as He had on Mount Carmel, and give Ahab another chance to turn to Him. Ahab was probably at a loss for the course of action he should take, so he asked the prophet and followed God's instructions (20:13-14). With only a small force, God gave them victory.

        The prophet once again spoke to Ahab, warning him that the war was not over, and he was to keep his forces strong and ready for the next battle. Ben-Hadad and his servants were aware that the reason for their defeat by the Israelites was that the God of Israel was with them. In their ignorance, the Syrians believed that He was a God of the hills and that on the plains He would be rendered useless. They believed the gods were territorial and were only powerful in their own territory where they were worshipped. They may have come to this conclusion because the location of God's Temple was in Jerusalem, a hilly area. God would give Israel the victory for this express reason: that they would know that He was the Lord, unlimited in His power (20:23, 28). For His own name's sake, God would not let Israel see defeat so that the idolatrous people could not claim that their gods defeated Him. Truly the Lord will not share His glory nor give it to another. All glory is due Him! (see Isaiah 42:8; 48:11).

        Once again, Israel was greatly outnumbered (20:27), but again God gave them a miraculous victory. When the Syrians retreated to the walled city of Aphek, they thought they could find refuge and hide, but no one can hide from God, and they could not escape His wrath. Like the miracle at Jericho, God caused the walls to fall down upon them (20:30). Ben-Hadad, however, escaped death. Knowing they were defeated, he wore sackcloth, symbolizing humility and submission. He then pleaded for mercy and bargained with Ahab, hoping to enter into a treaty/covenant. Ahab agreed, but his motivation was probably not mercy. He was being diplomatic, likely wanting Syria as allies in case of attack from the Assyrians who were growing in power. This showed a lack of trust in God, even after He had just delivered Israel.

        Ahab received a divine rebuke and judgment for entering into a treaty with Syria and wrongly allowing Ben-Hadad to live (the Lord had condemned him to utter destruction; compare Saul with Agag, 1 Samuel 15:8-9, 28, 32-33). The disguised prophet induced Ahab to become his own judge and condemn himself, as the prophet Nathan had done with David (2 Samuel 12:1-7). Ahab's life was to be a forfeit for the life of Ben-Hadad (20:42).

Prayer

        Lord God, You have promised that You will be our defense, and we rely on You ro care for us. When we are personally attacked, we will not fight for ourselves nor will we be neutral. We identify clearly with Your invincible forces. In the Name which is above every name, Jesus Christ. Amen.


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