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Chinese2/6/2006English
經文:歷代志下廿七至廿八章
鑰節:「約坦在耶和華他上帝面前行正道,以致日漸強盛。」(27:6)
提要

        約坦可能由他父親的錯誤學到經驗。他不像他的父親烏西雅敢強行進入聖殿而干罪。雖然約坦對主忠貞,猶大國的人民「仍然行為敗壞」。他們不只對主上帝忠貞。從他們初進入迦南地,沒有遵照主的旨意把當地人敬拜的偶像掃除盡開始,偶像崇拜一直是以色列人的問題。迦南土著成為他們的誘惑,正如摩西先前警告的一樣(申20:16~18;士1)。

        約坦是成功的,因為他在上帝面前行正道。他的心意完全灌注在主身上,並決心服從祂的命令,為此上帝祝福他。受靈感的撰寫者希望他的讀者能有如下的領悟:忠心事奉上帝必有福祉;但是離棄了祂,災害必至。可悲的,約坦的兒子亞哈斯不像他的爸爸,他乃過著一種會導致災難的生活。他是猶大國有史以來最惡最腐敗的君王。他再度引進巴力崇拜,並使全國充滿偶像,引導猶大國進入可怕的罪惡。亞哈斯甚至在欣嫩子谷,把自己的孩子獻為犧牲的祭品。過去就是因為這可憎的行為,上帝判定迦南之民要被滅絕,並把這塊土地轉給以色列人。行這種殘暴行為的人,在摩西律法中是要被處死的(利20:1~5)。欣嫩子谷,是獻活人祭的地方,位在耶路撒冷的南界,錫安山的旁邊。此地後來被正直的改革派國王約西亞,作為廢物拋棄所。並且,因為那地長年有火燒著,又曾發生過慘絕人寰的事(參王下16:3),它以後遂被當成地獄的象徵(參可9:44~48)。

        主的懲罰來得既迅速又嚴厲(參王下16章之相關記載)。猶大國受敘利亞(亞蘭)攻擊,許多人被俘而去。猶大國也失去了許多領土,被非利士人奪去。以色列王比加殺了十二萬猶大人,包括亞哈斯的兒子。他們也抓了二十萬俘虜,有婦人也有兒童,使其為奴。這時上主終於介入,因祂對猶大國命定的懲罰雖然很重,但北國抓了那麼多人去,也實在太過份了。

        上帝藉著一個有信心和勇氣的先知俄德傳信息給勝利的軍隊。他警告他們,不可從猶大國擄取物品,也不可奴役他們的弟兄(參利25:42~43);否則更多的懲罰會降在他們身上。因為他們也在主前有罪。他們的罪是背叛大衛家,放棄了在上帝家中對祂的真實敬拜,轉去拜假神(牛犢)。

        撒瑪利亞(北王國的首都)幾位高貴的族長,聰明地聽從了先知的言語,並仁慈地歸還一切擄掠,就如耶穌比喻中那位好撒瑪利亞人善待受傷者一樣(路10:30~37)。可是,猶大國的災難並沒有過去。以東看見猶大衰弱的情狀,認為是攻打良機,結果成功搶走了許多俘擄。歷史證明以東和以色列子民之間,常有仇恨和殘暴(25:11;代上18:12;王上11:15~16;俄10~14;詩83:4~8)。

        亞哈謝轉向亞述求助。雖然先知以賽亞知道這是國家不信賴上帝的表現,試想阻止,卻是無效(賽7:4~9),因為亞哈謝沒有聽從他,結果亞述征服了猶大國(王下16:10;18:13)。

        亞哈謝剝奪了上帝居所的一切珍寶,同時,更厲害的是,他褻瀆了它,惡意地打碎聖物,並把它釘在板上。他的目的是要以偶像崇拜取代真理。「但那些神使他和以色列眾人敗亡了。」(28:23)亞哈謝的統治,充滿了一片混亂。他死了以後,人民才知道,他不值得葬在大衛王的墓區,因為他沒有表現出大衛家的正直。

禱告

        主,我們再次了解沒有緊緊跟隨您的後果。保守我們向您真誠。保守我們的下一代對您真誠。求您今天使用我們,發出敬虔的影響來榮耀您。奉耶穌基督的名禱告,阿們。

English

Scriptures:Read 2 Chronicles 27&28
Key Verse:"So Jotham became mighty, because he prepared his ways before the Lord his God."(2 Chronicles 27:6)
Overview

        Jotham must have learned from his father's mistake; he did not sin by entering the unauthorized Temple area, as his father Uzziah had done. Though Jotham was loyal to the Lord, the people of Judah "still acted corruptly". They were not loyal to the Lord God alone. Idolatry was always a problem for the children of Israel ever since they disobeyed the Lord by not wiping out or driving out all the idolatrous Canaanites who occupied the land when they first entered it. These people became a snare to them, just as Moses had forewarned (Deuteronomy 20:16-18; Judges 1).

        Jotham was successful because "he prepared his ways before the Lord his God." His mind and heart were fixed on the Lord and he was determined to obey His commandments, and so the Lord blessed him. The inspired writer desired his readers to have a good understanding that serving the Lord faithfully leads to blessing, but forsaking Him leads to disaster. Sadly, Jotham's son Ahaz was unlike his father, living a life which led to disaster. He was the most wicked and corrupt king that ever ruled over Judah. He reintroduced Baal worship and filled the whole country with idols, leading Judah into terrible sins. Ahaz even offered some of his children as human sacrifices in the valley of Hinnom. It was because of these same abominations that God had judged the Canaanites to be exterminated and had given the land they occupied to Israel. This atrocity was punishable by death in the Law of Moses (Leviticus 20:1-5). The valley of Hinnom, where human sacrifice was practised, was located on the southern boundary of Jerusalem beside Mount Zion. It was later used by the righteous reformer Josiah as a dump site (2 Kings 23:10), and because of its association with the perpetual fires and practices of the heathen (cf. 2 Kings 16:3), it later came to be called Gehenna, a symbol for hell (cf. Mark 9:43).

        The Lord's punishment came soon and hard (cf. parallel account, 2 Kings 16). Judah was attacked by Syria (Aram) and many were taken captive. Judah also lost much territory to the Philistines (28:18). Pekah, king of Israel, killed 120,000 Judeans, including Ahaz's son. They also took 200,000 captive, including women and children, to make them slaves. At this point, the Lord intervened, for His appointed punishment upon Judah was already exceedingly great, but in taking the captives, Israel had overstepped their mission.

        God sent His message to the victorious army through Oded, a faithful and courageous prophet. He warned them not to take captives nor enslave their brethren from Judah (cf. Leviticus 25:42-43), otherwise more punishments would come upon them than they already deserved, for they too were guilty before the Lord. Their sin was rebellion against the house of David, abandoning the true worship of the Lord at His House, and worshipping false gods (calf worship).

        The noble elders of Samaria (the capital city of the Northern Kingdom) wisely heeded the prophet's words and kindly returned the captives, treating them as the good Samaritan treated the destitute man from Judea (Luke 10:30-37). The problems, however, were not over for Judah. Edom saw Judah's weakened condition as an opportunity to attack, which they did successfully, taking some captives. History proves that there had always been much animosity and cruelty between Edom and the children of Israel (25:11; 1 Chronicles 18:12; 1 Kings 11:15-16; Obadiah 10-14; Psalms 83:4-8).

        Ahaz turned to Assyria for help, though the prophet Isaiah had tried to prevent it, for it showed the nation did not trust in God (Isaiah 7:4-9). Because Ahaz did not listen to him, the result was that Assyria subjugated Judah (2 Kings 16:10). Thus the door was opened for the eventual Assyrian conquest of Judah under Sennacherib (2 Kings 18:13).

        As well as stripping the House of God of all its treasures, Ahaz went so far as to desecrate it, maliciously breaking the holy articles and boarding it up. His goal was to displace the truth with the false worship of idols, "But they were the ruin of him and of all Israel" (28:23). Ahaz's reign was full of turmoil. After he died, the people recognized that he was not worthy to be buried beside the remains of king David, since he did not represent David's righteous house.

Prayer

        Again Lord, we realize the consequences of failure to follow You closely. Keep us true to You. Keep our sons and daughters, the next generation, true to You. Use us today as a godly influence for Your glory.


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