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Chinese6/11/2006English
經文:詩篇一三○至一三四篇
鑰節:「耶和華的僕人,夜間站在耶和華殿中的,你們當稱頌耶和華。」(134:1)
提要

        在詩篇第一三○篇中,詩人作了虔誠的、懺悔的禱告,數說他如何依靠上帝的憐憫和救贖,走出絕望的深淵,到達盼望的頂峰。他承認他是一個罪人,從來沒有希望能站立在上帝的面前,除非他的罪能得到上帝的赦免。他知道上帝是一位寬恕人的上帝,充滿了慈愛和憐憫,賜給他盼望,也使他敬畏耶和華(比較103:8~13;哀3:21~23;尼9:17;彼前1:17)。詩人耐心地,盼望地,渴切地等候,並且相信,耶和華的話語已向他保證,祂會赦免他的罪,也會使他復原。當耶和華帶著喜悅的心,注視詩人的悔改時,就像晨光的來臨,黑暗就會消失(比較詩37:5~7)。他自己體驗到的上帝的憐憫和慈愛促使他向所有的以色列人為耶和華作見證。他鼓勵他們要將盼望寄託在耶和華的身上,然後他們才會開始了解耶和華的內在和平,因為「祂有豐盛的救恩」(130:7)。誠然,上帝的確拯救了所有信靠耶穌基督的人,脫離罪惡。

        詩篇第一三一篇描述詩人如何謙卑地信靠耶和華。大衛不會自認為偉大,也不自以為就是聰明的學習(羅12:3、16;箴16:18;雅4:6、10)。事實上,他承認他是有缺陷的。由於他的滿足,他已到達不倚賴俗世事物的地步,就像一個已經斷了奶的小孩,可以不再倚靠母親的扶養,來得到安慰和滿足(弗4:14;來5:12~14)。大衛因而能在靈性上不斷地成長。他在耶和華裡找到滿足。由於他有了內心中的平安,他盼望別人也能得到這一份福氣。因此,他呼求所有的以色列人都要信靠耶和華。所有相信耶穌的人(屬靈的以色列人)也需要在他們的信心裡不斷地成長,逐漸離開這世界上短暫的事物。

        詩篇第一三二篇是紀念大衛將約櫃帶返耶路撒冷的詩篇。它重複訴說上帝如何應許要建立大衛的永恆的寶座。大衛要為約櫃找一個適合要放的地方,藉以榮耀耶和華。約櫃象徵全能上帝的顯現。在非利土人回來擄走約櫃時,它就被他們放在基列耶琳,意指「森林之城」(Town of the Woods)(撒上6:21;7:1~2)。當大衛從伯利恆附近的山地以法他出發,去到那地尋找約櫃時,朝聖的歌又使這事重演。他快樂地將它帶返耶路撒冷,好在上帝的會幕中敬拜祂。安放約櫃的地方就叫做上帝的腳凳和力量(132:6~8)。由於朝聖者想使約櫃有一個永恆的會幕,他們祈求,這件事應由公義的祭司來完成(132:9)。當約櫃為仇敵擄走時,當時的祭司都是腐敗的(撒上2:12~17、22)。他們所作的第二個禱告就是祈求耶和華要向大衛實踐祂的應許:為他建立一個永遠的王朝(132:10~12;比較撒下7)。耶和華以預言的方式回答大衛的禱告,說:祂會住在錫安──祂的聖殿中(約1:14;林後6:16;來9:11)。祂要有一個公義的、得救的祭司(所有在耶穌裡的信徒;彼前2:5、9),大衛的家譜會代代相傳,不會中斷(「救恩的角」:路1:69),以及要有一盞燈(啟示的榮耀;王上11:36)。耶穌就是那盞上帝所預備的及應許的燈,可以啟示出上帝榮耀的世界之光(132:13~18)。

        詩篇第一三三篇是讚美合一及像手足般的和諧。耶穌基督就祈求,祂的跟隨者是一體的,不僅要榮耀上帝,而且要向耶穌基督受命降臨的世界,見證上帝的真理(約17:20~22)。合一是來自愛的團結,要用犧牲的精神服事別人及勸告、作證明(西3:14~16;弗4:1~6)。大衛王用兩種方式說明合一的喜樂。它就像寶貴的聖油一樣;當亞倫受命擔任大祭司時,這油就傾倒在他的身上(出29:7~9;47:13~16;利8:12)。油從他的臉上流下來,流到袍子上,然後再流到刻有以色列十二支派名稱的胸牌上。當合一擴大時,它影響了所有的人,在耶和華的眼中是一件可喜的事。它顯示上帝的百姓尊崇祂。第二個例證就是,上帝百姓之間手足般的和諧與合一就像豐富的露水落在他們的身上一樣。在黑門山上就可以看到這一情形。合一促使他興旺、成長、及復興。在以色列設有雨水的季節裡,露水是澆灌及肥沃土地所不可缺少的(比較該1:10~11),就像合一是信徒為耶和華上帝結出甜美果子所不可缺少的情形一樣。

        詩篇第一三四篇是「上行之詩」的一個最合適的結論篇,很像是晚禮拜結束時所唱的祝福聖詩。也許它是朝聖者在離開他們家鄉之前,所唱的最後聖詩。它一開始就描述利未的祭司及僕人夜間站在耶和華的殿中。他們的工作不僅是警衛及守門,而且也要敬拜上帝(代上9:26~27;33)。他們的工作是採取輪班制的,所以總是有利未人站在耶和華的面前,事奉祂(比較申10:8;代上23:30);他們舉起雙手,表示用純潔的心讚美上帝及敬拜上帝(28:2;141:2)。不過,這種勸告可以適用每一代的耶和華的僕人(祭司),並不住地讚美耶和華,以及忠心地執行他們的聖職。祭司的主要職責就是讚美耶和華,然而用在敬拜者於晚禮拜結束,行將離開聖所的時候,祝福他們。

禱告

        父啊,我們感謝您,因為您已如您所應許的那樣,祝福您合一的兒女。我們也會牢記您的新誡命:「你們要彼此相愛,就像我愛你們一樣」。我們決定按著您賜給我們的恩典,在您寶貴的聖愛中行走,就是您藉著聖靈澆灌在我們心裡的愛(羅5:5下)。奉主耶穌基督聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Psalms 130-134
Key Verse:"Behold, bless the Lord, all you servants of the Lord..."(Psalm 134:1)
Overview

        In Psalm 130, the psalmist utters a reverent, penitential prayer wherein he ascends from out of the depths of despair and misery to the heights of hope with dependence upon God's mercy and redemption. He recognizes that he is a sinner who could never hope to stand before God unless his sins be forgiven. His knowledge that God is a forgiving God, full of mercy and compassion, gives him hope and causes him to greatly fear the Lord (cf. 103:8-13; Lam. 3:21-23; Neh. 9:17; 1 Pet. 1:17). The psalmist waits patiently, expectantly and anxiously, trusting with faith in the promises of God's Word that He will forgive and restore. As the coming of the morning light, the darkness is gone when God looks upon the penitent with favour (cf. 37:5-7). His personal experience with God's mercy caused him to preach to all Israel. He challenged them to hope in the Lord so that they too might come to know His inner peace, for "with Him is abundant redemption" (130:7). Indeed, God did provide wonderful redemption from sin for all those who have put their faith in Jesus Christ.

        Psalm 131 is a beautiful expression of humility and trust in the Lord. David does not consider himself great in his own eyes, nor does he profess to be a wise scholar (Rom. 12:3, 16; Prov. 16:18; James 4:6,10). In fact, he admits his own limitations. He has come to the point where he does not have to depend on the things of this world for his contentment, just like a weaned child no longer has to depend upon being nursed by his mother to receive comfort and contentment (Eph. 4:14; Heb. 5:12-14). David, therefore has grown spiritually. He finds contentment in the Lord. Because of his inner peace he longs for others to have the same. Therefore he calls upon Israel to hope in the Lord. All believers in Jesus (spiritual Israel) need to likewise continually grow in their faith and become detached from the temporal things of this world.

        Psalm 132 commemorates the bringing of the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem by David. It reiterates God's promise concerning the eternal establishment of the throne of David. David sought to honour the Lord by finding a suitable place for the Ark. The Ark symbolized the presence of the Almighty God. After the Philistines returned the captured Ark, it rested in Kirjath Jearim, meaning "town of the woods" (1 Sam. 6:21-7:1,2). The pilgrim singers may have re-enacted the event when David, from Bethlehem Ephrathah, went to find the Ark in the woods. With great rejoicing he took it to Jerusalem to worship God at His tabernacle. The resting place of His sacred Ark is called God's footstool and strength (132:6-8). Along with the prayer for a permanent Tabernacle for the Ark, the pilgrims prayed that it would be accompanied by a righteous priesthood (132:9). When the Ark had been captured, there had been a corrupted priesthood (1 Sam. 2:12-17,22). A second prayer request was that the Lord would fulfill His promise to David concerning an everlasting dynasty (132:10-12; cf. 2 Sam.7). The Lord answered prophetically that He would indeed dwell in Zion, in His Temple (John 1:14; 2 Cor. 6:16; Heb. 9:11). He would have a righteous and saved priesthood (all believers in Jesus; 1 Pet. 2:5, 9), and that David's line would not be cut off, but grow strong ("horn of salvation", Luke 1:69) and have a "lamp" (glory revealed; 1 Kings 11:36). Jesus was that prepared and promised Lamp, the Light of the world who revealed God's glory (132: 13-18).

        Psalm 133 praises unity and brotherly harmony. Jesus Christ had prayed that His followers would be one, which not only brings glory to God, but which testifies of the truth to the world that God sent Him (John 17:20-22). Unity comes from the bond of love which is evidenced by sacrificially serving and admonishing others (Col. 3:14-16; Eph. 4:1-6). King David illustrates the pleasantness of unity in two ways. It is like the special abundant, precious oil of consecration that was poured over Aaron when he was dedicated as high priest (Ex. 29:7-9; 40:13-16; Lev. 8:12). It flowed down his face onto his priestly garments, over the breastplate upon which were the names of the twelve tribes of Israel. When unity spreads, it will have an influence on all the people, which is pleasing in the sight of the Lord. It shows their consecration to God. A second illustration is that brotherly harmony and unity among the people of God is like the fall of abundant dew on them. This is found on Mount Hermon. Unity gives rise to fertility, growth, and revival. In the seasons when there is no rain in Israel, the dew is essential for the fertility of the ground (cf. Haggai 1:10-11), just as unity is essential for believers that they may be fruitful for the Lord.

        Psalm 134 is an appropriate conclusion for the songs of ascent, which was most likely sung as the benediction at the close of the evening worship. It may have been the final song of the pilgrims before they left for their respective towns. The psalm begins by addressing the Levitical priests and watchmen who stand in the House of the Lord throughout the night. Their job was not merely to be guards or gatekeepers, but to be worshippers as well (1 Chron. 9:26-27', 33). On a rotating basis, there were always Levites continually standing before the Lord to minister (cf. Deut. 10:8; 1 Chron. 23:30) with uplifted hands representing their pure hearts lifted up to God in praise and worship (28:2; 141:2). This exhortation, however, is applicable to all servants (priests) of the Lord in every generation to continually bless the Lord and be faithful in carrying out their sacred duties. The priests whose primary duty is to bless the Lord, then turn to bless the worshippers of the Lord before they left the sanctuary after the evening time of worship.

Prayer

        Thank You, Father, for the blessings You have promised Your children who dwell together in unity. We remember also Your new commandment: "love one another as I have loved you". We purpose by Your grace to walk in that most precious divine love, which You have poured into our hearts through Your Holy Spirit (Romans 5:5b).


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