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Chinese5/23/2006English
經文:詩篇第八六、八七、八八篇
鑰節:「主啊,您所造的萬民,都要來敬拜您,他們也要榮耀您的名。」(86:9)
提要

        詩篇第八六篇是大詩人,大衛王所作的禱告。它是一位義人不斷向上帝祈求時的情感表現。他在這一詩篇中從始到終都祈求,上帝要垂聽他的禱告、保守他、搭救他、憐憫他、釋放他、鼓勵他以及賜給他一個奇蹟。他在每次祈求中都說明,他相信上帝會回答他的禱告,並且以這些理由來建立他的信心。他的第一個理由乃是,他的祈求是基於他個人的需要。他承認他貧窮,並且受到壓迫,以及他知道上帝會保護及幫助絕望的人,因為他在過去就經歷過上帝的幫助(86:13、17下)。

        第二,他的祈求是基於他與上帝之間的信心關係。詩人已被上帝分別為聖(「聖」;86:2)。他是上帝的兒女,也是上帝的僕人。他信靠上帝,在上帝的面前高舉他的靈魂,以及走上帝的道路。由於大衛的信仰,他是全心全意用讚美的祭來敬拜上帝,並且榮耀祂。

        第三,詩人相信上帝必回答他禱告的理由乃是基於上帝的神性。大衛已與上帝建立這良好的關係,因而了解上帝的德性。從本詩篇有多處參考摩西著作的情形來看,我們知道,大衛非常熟悉律法,以及他對上帝話語的認識乃是他親近上帝的最好方法。詩人肯定他的禱告會得到上帝的回答,因為上帝「本為良善,樂意饒恕人」(86:5)。上帝是「有憐憫有恩典的上帝,不輕易發怒,並有豐盛的慈愛和誠實」(86:15;比較卅四:6)。沒有一個人像祂那樣。異教的諸神祇是虛假的。祇有耶和華才是唯一的真神,行奇妙的事,有計劃救贖所有的人類(86:8~10;比較出15:11)。

        詩篇第八七篇是整個詩篇中的一塊獨特的小寶石。它擴大了詩篇八六篇9節的思想,預見萬國萬邦的人民都會得到上帝的救恩。第八七篇是有歷史背景的,例如以色列人在希西家統治的時代得到其他國家的幫助(代下32:23),但是這一詩篇的主要解釋是預言性的。詩人預見錫安會成為上帝國度的首都,但是這一預言不能用地緣關係來解釋,而是要從屬靈的觀點來看(來11:10;12:12;13:14;啟21:10)。它是上帝所建立的新耶路撒冷;因此,聖城已成聖了,而且它的門為上帝所愛(87:2;賽60:11)。錫安有說不完的光榮事蹟,絕非世上任何美麗的城市所可比擬(也即賽2:3;詩46:4~5;48:1~3)。

        那些來自本為以色列人敵對國家的人,例如像埃及(「喇合」「Rahab」)、巴比倫、非利士、推羅,都會逐漸認識耶和華,而且他們的名字都會被記在祂的記錄簿上。也有一些來自遙遠地方的人都以錫安為他們的家園,例如其中最有代表性的人就是衣索比亞/古實人(比較賽18:7)。所有的人,不論是猶太人或外邦人,祇要是認識主耶穌的人,都是祂的百姓,並且可以得到相同的權利(弗2:18~19;西3:11;腓3:20)。他們的聯合會在主耶穌裡看到,而且錫安要成為所有為上帝所生兒女的「母城」;同時,他們都要藉著信心在耶穌基督裡體驗重生(約3:3~6;加3:8;4:26;啟7:9)。在上帝的城市裡,所有的居民都因春天而歡欣,因為它是喜悅與生命的源頭(87:7)。

        詩篇第八八篇是一個名叫希幔的人個人的悲傷記載;沒有人知道他的身份,但是也可能是大衛王樂隊中的一個主要成員(代上15:17~19)。這也是一篇獨特的詩篇。其中的悲傷與大衛遭遇到的不同,因為大衛是陷於絕望的深淵,看不到任何希望,也沒有讚美上帝。希幔表達他個人悲傷的方式倒很像大衛在悲傷時呼求上帝的方式;因此,希幔也許很熟悉大衛的詩篇。如果他的確是利未的歌者,他必然唱過大衛所作的很多作品。

        希幔自幼就遭遇到極重的苦難,所以他相信,上帝的憤怒臨在他的身上。他感到如果上帝不立刻採取行動幫助他,他就會死去;因此,他對上帝迫切的祈求反映出他所處的情況是多麼的緊急。他求上帝讓他活著,好繼續讚美上帝,但是他對來世的了解很有限。他染上了流行的皮膚病,如痲瘋病,使他成為一個不潔的人,以及他自己要為親友遠離他的事負責(88:8);這是詩人結束這一詩篇的悲哀音符。雖然他沒有說出有關信心與盼望的話,希幔日夜向上帝呼求的事實本身就是一個信心的證據,因為他知道他唯一的盼望就是上帝。因此,他才能呼求說:「耶和華拯救我的上帝啊……」(88:1)。

禱告

        親愛的主啊,我們知道,有一天,人人都要跪在您的面前,承認您就是主,但是還是有很多人沒有及時向您悔罪。我們祈求聖靈會加添我們的能力,也賜給我們智慧,使我們能傳揚您的福音。奉主耶穌基督聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Psalms 86, 87&88
Key Verse:"All nations whom You have made shall come and worship before You, O Lord, and shall glorify Your name."(Psalm 86:9)
Overview

        Psalm 86 is a prayer of the master psalmist, king David. It is an emotional expression of a godly soul who makes many requests to the Lord. Throughout the psalm, he asks that the Lord would hear, preserve, save, show mercy, teach, deliver, strengthen, and show him a sign. With every request, he gives a reason why he believes the Lord will answer Him, and voicing these reasons builds his faith. The first basis for his faith is because his pleas are based on personal necessity. He admits that he is needy and oppressed, and he knows that God defends and helps the helpless, for he has experienced God's help in the past (86:13,17b).

        Secondly, his pleas are based upon his faith relationship to God. The psalmist is set apart and consecrated to God ("holy" 86:2). He is the Lord's child and His servant. He also trusts in God, has lifted up his soul to God, and walks in His truth. Because of David's faith, he worships God by offering Him praise and thanksgiving with his whole heart and by giving Him glory.

        The third reason the psalmist is confident that God will answer his cry is based upon God's divine nature. David has a close relationship with the Lord, and therefore knows the Lord's character. From the many references in this psalm to the writings of Moses, we know that David was familiar with the Law, and knowing God's Word, along with prayer, is the best way to draw closer to Him. The psalmist is certain God will answer because He is good and "ready to forgive" (86:5), "full of compassion, and gracious, longsuffering and abundant in mercy and truth" (86:15; cf. Exodus 34:6). There is none other like Him. The gods of the heathen are merely imaginary. He alone is God who does great and wondrous things and has a redemptive purpose for the whole world (86:8-10; cf. Exodus. 15:11).

        Psalm 87 is a remarkable little gem that is unique in the Psalter. It is an expansion on the thought of Psalm 86:9, which foresees the salvation of people from every nation. Psalm 87 may have had an historical background, such as the favour Israel received by other nations in Hezekiah's day (2 Chronicles 32:23), but the main interpretation of this psalm is prophetical. The psalmist envisions Zion as the capital of the Kingdom of God, which cannot be explained geographically but rather spiritually (Hebrews 11:10; 12:22; 13:14; Revelation 21:10). It is the new Jerusalem that has been founded and built by the Lord; therefore, the Holy City is sanctified and her gates are loved by God (87:2; Isaiah 60:11). Glorious things are spoken of Zion, which could never be said of any earthly city, even though it be very beautiful (e.g. Isaiah 2:3; Psalm 46:4-5; 48:1-3).

        Those from nations that were historical enemies of Israel, such as Egypt ("Rahab"), Babylon, Philistia, and Tyre will come to know the Lord and have their names written in the Lord's register. There will also be those from distant places that make Zion their home, who are represented by Ethiopia/Cush (cf. Isaiah 18:7). All people, whether Jew or Gentile, who know the Lord Jesus will be equal citizens and receive the same privileges (Ephesians 2:18-19; Colossians 3:11; Philippians 3:20). Their unity will be found in the Lord, and Zion will be the mother city for all who are born of God, having experienced the second birth from above through faith in Jesus Christ (John 3:3-6; Galatians 3:8; 4:26; Rev. 7:9). In the City of God, all inhabitants will enjoy the spring, which is the source of joy and life (87:7).

        Psalm 88 is a personal lament of a man named Heman, whose identification is uncertain but may have been one of David's chief musicians (1 Chronicles 15:17-19). This is yet another unique psalm. It is unlike the laments of David, in that it is one of deep despair without any expressions of hope or praise to God. The way Heman expresses his turmoil is very similar to the way David spoke when he called upon God in distress; therefore, Heman was likely familiar with the psalms of David. If he was indeed the levitical singer, he would have sung many of David's compositions.

        Heman has been sorely afflicted since the time of his youth and believes it is the wrath of God upon him. He feels that if God does not intervene soon, he will die; therefore, his desperate cry reflects the extreme urgency of the situation. He prays that God would let him live, that he might continue to praise Him, but he has a very limited understanding of the afterlife. He may have been suffering from a contagious skin disease such as leprosy, which would make him unclean, and that would account for why his family and friends were kept far from him (88:8, 18), and this is the sad note upon which the psalm ends. Although words of faith and hope are not expressed, the fact that Heman cried out to God day and night is in itself evidence of faith, for he knew his only hope was in God. Therefore, he could cry out: "O Lord, God of my salvation..." (88:1).

Prayer

        Dear Lord, we know that one day soon every knee shall bow and every tongue confess that "You are Lord, but for many this confession will be too late. We pray that "Your Holy Spirit would empower us and give us wisdom to win souls for you.


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