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Chinese9/17/2006English
經文:耶利米書四十三至四十五章
鑰節:「上帝從早起差遣我的僕人眾先知去說,你們切不可行我所厭惡這可憎的事。」(44:4)
提要

        第四十三章是前面幾章所記載一些事的延續。正如耶利米所看出,那些百姓實在是虛偽詭詐和充滿謊言,並對上帝頑固不靈的人;因為耶利米宣告上帝的話,告訴他們必須留在猶大地,他們卻悍然拒絕(43:2)。他們不但藐視和拒絕上帝的話,而且否定耶利米是上帝的一位真先知,甚至他們親見看到耶利米以前預言真正應驗之後還是一樣。他們的心頑梗,對屬靈的真理眼瞎,並對生命的話故作耳聾。

        文士巴錄曾經記錄耶利米所有的預言,而那些百姓卻指責耶利米接受他所吩咐的話(43:3)。偽經上有他的名,提到當耶路撒冷陷落時他在巴比倫;這或許可能,因為自從約雅敬的日子之後,沒有再提及他。那些百姓所以作這樣的指責,顯示巴錄在巴比倫可能升上高位,得到尼布甲尼撒的恩待。第四十五章所記載耶利米給巴錄的信息,顯然是幾年前他們離別的話(比較45:1;36:1),指出巴錄有為自己圖謀大事的願望,有離開猶大的意向。然而上帝應許他不論何往將保護他,當上帝降災禍給所有百姓的時候,他將不至於死亡(45:5)。在耶路撒冷遭毀滅之後,巴錄忽然重新出現,可能他回來為要瞭解他的朋友耶利米的情況。雖然我們不知道耶利米和巴錄是否被迫違反他們的意志,同那些餘民到埃及去,看起來十分可能,因為從那些百姓的指責,可看出他們害怕巴錄可能是巴比倫人的間諜(43:3)。

        當那些難民逃到埃及的時候,耶和華再一次仁慈地發出祂警告的話,給他們另一次悔改的機會,要他們在要來的審判之前歸回猶大。耶利米藏起幾塊大石頭,用戲劇性和象徵性的表演,加強他所傳播的信息,以表示巴比倫王要在埃及安置他的寶座,猶太人想要逃避的苦難將追上他們。巴比倫王要把埃及的神像擄走作為勝利品,並要搶劫埃及,直到財物蓋滿了他全身像披上衣服一樣(43:12~13)。

        第四十四章記載當猶大的餘民定居在埃及和模倣埃及的偶像敬拜之後,耶利米所給那些在埃及不順從、不忠心的猶大餘民最後的信息。他們恢復對天后的敬拜,這像希臘人對亞底米神的敬拜,一種生殖的禮拜儀式,且似乎大多數婦女經丈夫同意所做的一種可憎之事。耶利米宣告這種敬拜方式是上帝對猶大忿怒的主要原因,結果導致耶路撒冷的毀滅(44:2~3;參7:18~20;19:4,13,15)。

        他們對耶利米輕蔑的反駁和信奉天后所說厚顏的話,表明這類型百姓的本性,使耶利米在過去年間的傳講落空。他們深陷罪中和為撒但蠱惑的程度至為明顯;特別是那些婦女傲慢的供認,她們所享任何福樂都來自對那女神的敬拜;她們責備耶路撒冷所遭受的災禍,乃因在約西亞王改革期間,她們不敬拜那女神,惹起她的忿怒所致(44:17~18)。耶利米立刻斥責她們所說的話,宣告真實的話,並表示將要來的毀滅無可避免。耶和華神聖的名將不得濫予稱呼,也不得指著祂起誓(44:26),他們都將滅亡,像耶路撒冷那些犯罪作惡、不信的人一樣的悲慘。在耶路撒冷上帝曾用各種方法打擊他們,他們非常頑固地繼續悖逆。現在他們確實遭受刑罰,祇有少數得以逃脫作為見證,以應驗耶利米所說的話(44:14,28~29)。

禱告

        主啊,求您鑒察我們的心,指示我們不討您喜歡的地方。父啊,求您賜我們勇氣,使我們的意志能降服於您的旨意。奉主耶穌聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Jeremiah 43,44&45
Key Verse:"I have sent to you all My servants the prophets, rising early and sending them, saying, 'Oh, do not do this abominable thing that I hate!'"(Jeremiah 44:4)
Overview

        Chapter 43 is a continuation of the events in the preceding few chapters. Just as Jeremiah had discerned, the people were indeed hypocritical and full of lies and stubbornness against God, for when Jeremiah declared the word from God, saying that they must stay in the land of Judah, they defiantly refused (43:2). Not only did they despise and reject the word from God, but they also rejected Jeremiah as a true prophet of God, even though they saw the actual fulfillment of Jeremiah's previous prophecies. They were so hardened of heart and blinded to spiritual truth that they turned a deaf ear to the words of life.

        The people accused Jeremiah of receiving instructions from Baruch, the scribe who had recorded all of Jeremiah's prophecies (43:3). The apocryphal book which bears his name indicates that he was in Babylon at the time of Jerusalem's fall; this is probable, for there is no mention of him since the days of Jehoiakim (36:32). The fact that the people would make such an accusation indicates that Baruch had likely been promoted to a higher position in Babylon and that he had gained favour with Nebuchadnezzar. Jeremiah's message to Baruch, which appear to be their parting words (chapter 45) which was given many years earlier (compare 45:17 36:1), indicates that Baruch may have had aspirations of greatness for himself and that he had intentions to leave Judah. Yet the Lord promised him that wherever he went he would be protected and that he would not die when God brought adversity on all the people (45:5). With the sudden reappearance of Baruch after the destruction of Jerusalem, it is likely that he returned to check on the condition of his friend Jeremiah. Although we are not told whether or not Jeremiah and Baruch were forced to go with the remnant against their will to Egypt, it seems quite possible, for the people's accusations shows their fear that Baruch may have been a spy for the Babylonians (43:3).

        When the refugees reached Egypt, the Lord once again graciously sent His word of warning, giving them yet another chance to repent and return to Judah before the coming judgment. With the dramatic and symbolic demonstation of burying the stones, Jeremiah reinforced his message; it was that the king of Babylon would erect his throne over Egypt, and the suffering the Jews sought to escape in Judah would overtake them there. The king of Babylon would carry away the idols of Egypt as trophies of his victory and would plunder Egypt till he covered himself with their wealth like a garment (43:12-13).

        In chapter 44 we read of the last recorded message of Jeremiah given to the disobedient, unfaithful remnant of Judah in Egypt, after they had settled in Egypt and adopted the Egyptians' forms of idolatry. They had also reinstated the worship of the queen of heaven. This was a fertility cult like that of Artemis in Greece, and it seems that mostly the women, with the consent of their husbands, were the ones practicing this abomination. Jeremiah declared that this form of idolatry was a major reason for God's wrath upon Judah and the resulting destruction of Jerusalem (44:2-3; cf. 7:18-20; 19:4,13, 15).

        Their scornful rebuttle to Jeremiah and blatant words of trust in the queen of heaven is characteristic of the type of people to whom Jeremiah had unsuccessfully preached over so many years. It is clear how deep in sin and how deceived they had been by Satan, especially in the women's arrogant confession that any blessings they received came because of their worship to this goddess; they even blamed the calamity upon Jerusalem as being from the wrath of this goddess, because they no longer worshipped her during the reformation of Josiah (44:17-18). Jeremiah was quick to refute their words by proclaiming the truth and expressed the inevitability of their coming destruction. They would no longer use the Holy Name of the Lord hypocritically, nor swear by Him (44:26), for sadly, they would all perish, as did the evil and faithless inhabitants of Jerusalem. Even after everything God had done in Jerusalem to chastise them, they stubbornly continued to disobey. Now they would surely suffer punishment with only a few escaping to bear witness, as a sign, to the fulfillment of Jeremiah's words (44:14, 28-29).

Prayer

        Search our hearts, oh Lord, and reveal to us areas unpleasing to You. Father, give us the courage to submit our wills to Your perfect Will.


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