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Chinese2/27/2005English
經文:出埃及記十一至十二章
鑰節:「這血要在你們所住的房屋上作記號,我一見這血,就越過你們去……」(12:13)
提要

         這兩章記載了以色列歷史上最偉大的事件。上帝耐心的等待法老幡然悔改,但法老一再拒絕讓上帝的百姓離去,上帝終於在祂的怒氣中用最嚴厲的刑罰審判這個悖逆的國家。十災中的最後一災,擊殺長子之災,是對法老所有刑罰的最高潮,上帝也得著了最後的勝利。在第十災來襲之前,摩西已充分的警告法老讓以色列人走,並再次告訴法老上帝會將以色列人從埃及人中分別出來。法老一昧的拒絕上帝使摩西氣忿不已(11:8),他的硬心也導致埃及的滅亡,因為從那時起,埃及開始走下坡。

         上帝對如何正確的守逾越節以及如何離開埃及都作了詳盡的指示。紀念逾越節開啟了猶太宗教曆法上的第一月,尼散月(在西方月份的三至四月間)。上帝向祂的百姓強調,以色列全家每年都要守這個紀念上帝藉犧牲救贖他們的節日,並要作他們世世代代永遠遵守的重要定例(12:14、17、24、42)。他們也要將逾越節的意義傳給後代(12:26、27)。今天也一樣,成功家庭的基礎在於屬靈上的成功,教導孩童有關上帝的事是父母能給子女的最佳教育。

         逾越節對我們也有十分重要的意義,因為它象徵耶穌基督,上帝的羔羊。新約聖經很清楚的指出,彌賽亞耶穌是我們逾越節的羔羊(林前5:7)逾越節的羔羊必須沒有殘疾(出12:5)。耶穌基督是完美的羔羊,因為祂沒有罪(來4:15;約壹3:5),也沒有犯過錯(路23:4),因此祂是最完全的祭。將羔羊的血塗在門框上,證明該戶人家順服上帝的指示,且作好準備。當主耶穌最後的審判之日來到時,我們也必須預備好,讓耶穌的血來遮蓋我們。逾越節不僅是一個滅命之夜,對那些相信的人來說,也是救贖之夜。希伯來書解釋道:「若不流血,罪就不得赦免」(9:22)。基督寶貴的血是為贖我們而流,要將我們從世界的罪惡中拯救出來。當悔改的罪人將耶穌的血塗在他的靈裡,也就是相信耶穌,上帝的兒子,死在十架上,被埋在墳墓裡,第三天後復活,今天仍然活著要赦免我們的罪,耶穌的血在他身上就產生了功效。藉耶穌的血,我們一切的不義都被洗淨了(約壹1:9)。在舊約的儀式中,用牛膝草將血灑在身上就是潔淨的象徵(詩51:7;來9:19~22)。

         當上帝擊殺埃及人長子的那日,法老聽見了國中有極大的哀號,他終於不再討價還價,同意讓所有的以色列人,包括他們的小孩和牲畜離開埃及。上帝命以色列人向他們的埃及鄰舍要金器、銀器(11:2),埃及人也都樂意的照辦了(這些金、銀器以後用來建造會幕)。正如上帝早先的預言,他們必不會空手出埃及(3:21、22)。以色列人所得到的是他們這麼多年在埃及勞苦工作應得的報償。那日至少有二百萬人離開了埃及,應驗了上帝對他們祖先的預言。以色列人於雅各和他的七十五位家人,踏進埃及四百三十年後的同一天,離開這塊為奴之地(徒7:14)。他們的人數能有如此驚人的增長,皆因為上帝的祝福在他們身上(出1:7)。從上帝准許「許多閒雜人」,和以色列人一起離開,我們可看出上帝的恩典。那些「閒雜人」一定也想跟從主和祂的引導。以色列人要作其他國家的中保,藉著他們,使別人能相信上帝。上帝從沒有要他們孤立,反而要他們歡迎外人(賽56:3~8)。即使在舊約時代,上帝救恩的門也向所有想得著的人敞開。

禱告

         摩西和以色列人的上帝啊!我們祈求被殺之羔羊,我們的耶穌基督的血,現在並永遠都來遮蓋我們,作我們的保障。奉主耶穌基督聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Exodus 11 & 12
Key Verse:“Now the blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you.”(Exodus 12:13 )
Overview

         Here we have recorded the greatest event in the history of Israel. After waiting patiently for Pharaoh to repent and let His people go, God, in His wrath, brought His most solemn and serious judgment on this rebellious nation. The last of the ten plagues, the death of the first-born of both man and animal, was the climax of the whole ordeal with Pharaoh in which God ended with victory. Moses gave Pharaoh ample warning to let them go before the plague struck and again he told Pharaoh that God would make a distinction between Israel and Egypt. Moses became angered by Pharaoh’s rebellion in his complete rejection of God and by what the consequences of such action would have to be (11:8). Pharaoh’s hardening his heart led to the destruction of Egypt and from that point it began to decline.

         God gave Moses complete instructions on how to properly observe the Passover, and how they were to leave Egypt. Commemoration of this event marks the beginning of the Jewish religious year, the month of Aviv, in March or April, according to the moon. The Lord stressed to His people that this first feast, founded on God’s deliverance through sacrifice, was a very important lasting ordinance (12:14, 17, 24, and 42) to be observed yearly by the whole family. Its significance was to be passed on from generation to generation (12:26, 27). In the same way today, the foundation for a successful family life is spiritual success. Instructing our children about the Lord is the best teaching they will ever receive.

         The Passover has great significance for us as well, for it typified our Lord Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God. The New Testament clearly states that Jesus the Messiah is our Passover (1 Corinthians 5:7). The Passover lamb was to be without blemish (12:5). Jesus Christ was perfect, He was without sin (Hebrews 4:15; 1 John 3:5), and no fault could be found with Him (Luke 23:4), as such He was the ultimate sacrifice. The lamb’s blood applied on the doorposts and lintel was evidence that those in the home were prepared and obedient. When the final judgment day of the Lord comes we, too, must be prepared and covered by the blood of Jesus. That was not only a night of destruction, it was also a night of salvation for those who believed. The book of Hebrews explains, “without the shedding of blood there is no remission [forgiveness]” (Hebrews 9:22). The precious blood of Christ was shed for our redemption and our deliverance from the sinfulness of this world. The blood of Jesus is made effective when the repentant sinner applies it to his soul by believing that Jesus, the Son of God, died, was buried, rose on the third day and lives today to forgive our sins and that by His blood we are cleansed from all unrighteousness (1 John 1:9). In the Old Testament ritual, the blood was sprinkled with the hyssop plant and this came to be a symbol of purification as on the Day of Atonement (Psalm 51:7; Hebrews 9:19-22).

         Pharaoh heard the great cry as the Lord struck all the first-born in the homes that were unprepared. Finally he agreed, without trying to make a compromise, that the children of Israel might go, every one and all livestock too. Their Egyptian neighbors were glad to give articles of silver and gold (later to be used in the Tabernacle) as the Lord had commanded His people to ask of them (11:2) and, as He had foretold, they would not go tout empty handed (3:21, 22). What they received was due payment for all the many years of slave labor that Israel had suffered in Egypt. A conservative estimate of about 2 million people left Egypt that day, fulfilling the prophesies God had given to their forefathers. They left 430 years from the same day that Jacob entered with his 75 family members (Acts 7:14). Their increase was tremendous, because the blessing of the Lord was upon them (Exodus 1:7). We see the grace of God in permitting “a mixed multitude” (12:38) to leave with the Israelites. They must have desired to follow the Lord and His leading. The people of Israel were to be mediators for the other nations, so that through them others might come to believe in God. We see they were never meant to be alone, but to welcome strangers (Isaiah 56:3-8). Even in the Old Testament the door was open for all who wanted to participate in the redemption of the Lord.

Prayer

         God of Moses and of the people of Israel, we pray the Blood of Your sacrificial Lamb, our Lord Jesus, to be over us as our protection now and forever.


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