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Chinese7/11/2005English
經文:申命記廿七章
鑰節:「『不堅守遵行這律法言語的,必受咒詛!』百姓都要說:『阿們』」(27:26)
提要

        摩西指示以色列百姓,一進入應許之地,就要舉行一項承認與上帝所立之約的儀式。他們要將一塊大石頭鋪上石灰,把律法「明明」的寫在上面,好使所有的人都能很容易看到。將律法刻在石上,並將石頭安置在醒目、顯著的地方是古代近東地區很普遍的習慣。以色列人寫在石上的律法可能是十誡,因為原來刻有十誡的石板已被藏在約櫃裡了。以色列人要明白律法,也要熟記律法,將律法銘刻於心,使他們謹守遵行。

        這些石頭要放在以巴路山上。因為律法帶著咒詛,因此它們被放在咒詛之山也不足為奇。除了寫著律法的石頭以外,以色列百姓還要用未曾鑿過的石頭建造一座壇,在壇上獻燔祭和平安祭給上帝。這表明了律法和恩典之間的關係。世人都被律法所咒詛,因為世人都犯了罪。但所獻的祭代表最偉大的恩典之祭──我們的主耶穌基督,沒有這個祭,人類就沒有赦罪的盼望。

        百姓在山上向耶和華獻祭之後,摩西告訴他們,他們就要「在那裡吃,在耶和華你的上帝面前歡樂」(7節)。在那個時代,立約的雙方常是藉著一起參加筵宴來表達對所立之約的確認。以色列人大可喜樂,因為上帝應許他們,守約就必蒙福、得安慰。新約的信徒也能因著上帝賜給我們的最大祝福常常喜樂。

        按照摩西的指示,祭司利未人要站在兩山之間的山谷(參書8:33)。雅各從利亞和拉結所生的以色列六支派要站在祝福山──基利心山上。另六個支派,包括:雅各從使女悉帕和辟拉所生的後裔,利亞所生的流便和西布倫的後裔要站在咒詛山──以巴路山上。祭司要大聲宣告咒詛,使人人都得聽見,百姓並要大聲回應:「阿們!」他們一起發出的音量一定震耳欲聾!百姓所回答的「阿們」不只是對咒詛的確認,也等於是說:「願其如此」,意思是:「若我們如此行,願上帝的怒氣降在我們身上。」

        這裡所記載的可能並不是一張完整的咒詛單,因為其中只提到十二項咒詛。從這些咒詛裡,我們看到上帝要求以色列人尊敬祂(15節)、尊敬父母的權柄(16節)、尊敬真理、被壓迫者(17~19節)、家庭、和個人的貞節(20~23節)、人的生命(24~25節)、以及尊敬祂的話(26節)。

        如果有人認為這些咒詛與自己無關,因為他沒有犯其中所提到的罪行,那麼他應重新讀讀最後一條囊括了全人類的咒詛(26節)。因為有誰能完全遵守律法呢﹖我們既承認自己是屬於咒詛之下的人,就可以大大喜樂,因為我們將不會在咒詛中滅亡,只因我們的主耶穌基督為我們成了咒詛(加3:10~13),將我們從律法的咒詛中救贖出來。讓我們永遠讚美祂的聖名。

禱告

        親愛的主,我們求您將您的誡命寫在我們的心版上,使它成為我們的一部分,好教我們不致得罪您。謝謝您差遣您的兒子為我們承擔罪的咒詛。奉主耶穌聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Deuteronomy 27
Key Verse:“Cursed us the man who does not uphold all the words of this law by carrying them out.’ Then all the people shall say, ‘Amen’” (NIV)
Overview

        Moses instructed the people the ceremony for the ratification of the covenant that was to be performed as soon as they entered the Promised Land. They were to prepare large stones covered with plaster upon which they were to write the laws “very plainly” (v.8) so that all could easily see them. It was a common custom in the ancient Near East to record laws on stones, which were placed in prominent places. The laws that Israel wrote on these stones were probably the Ten Commandments, since the original stone tablets of the Law were hidden away in the Ark of the Covenant. Israel was to know and memorize them, that they would be written upon their hearts and obeyed.

        These stones were to be set upon Mount Ebal. Since the Law carried a curse, it is not surprising that they were to be put upon the mountain of cursing. Beside the stones of the Law, the people were to build an altar of rough, unhewn stones upon which they were to sacrifice burnt and peace offerings to the Lord. This illustrates the relationship between law and grace. The law condemns all, for all have sinned. The sacrifices point to the great sacrifice of grace, our Lord Jesus. Without this sacrifice there is no forgiveness or hope for mankind.

        After the sacrifices upon the mount, the people were told: confirmation of a covenant made between two parties was expressed by participating in a feast together. Israel had good reason to rejoice because of the comfort and blessings promised by keeping the covenant. New Covenant believers as well can always rejoice because of the greatest blessing that God has given, Jesus.

        As Moses instructed, the priests from the family of Levi were to stand in the middle of the valley between the two mountains (cf. Josh.8:33). Six tribes, descendants of Jacob from Leah and Rachel, were to be on Gerizim, the mount of blessing. Six tribes, descendants of Jacob from the maidservants, Zilpah and Bilhah, as well as Reuben and Zebulun from Leah, were to be on Ebal, the mount of cursing. The priests were to shout aloud the curses so that everyone could hear. In response, all the people were to say “amen!” What a great noise that would have made! This response was not only an affirmation, but also “so be it”, implying, “Let the wrath of God fall on us if we do such things.”

        The list of curses id probably not a full one, for there are only 12 mentioned. In these curses, we see that God demands a respect for Himself (v.15), for parent’ rightful authority (v.16), truth, the oppressed (vv.17-19), family, purity of oneself (vv.20-23), human life (vv.14-15), and His Word (v.26).

        If one thinks himself safe from the curses because of not committing the specific sins mentioned, he should reread the final curse (v.26), which reaches to all mankind, for who can carry out perfectly all the words of the Law? Affirming ourselves, then, under the curse, we who now believe can rejoice that we will not get what we deserve, perishing under the curse, because our Lord Jesus Christ graciously redeemed us from the curse of the Law by being made a curse for us (Gal.3:10-13). Praise His Holy Name forevermore!

Prayer

        Dear Lord, we pray that we would write Your Word on the tablets of our hearts, making it a part of us, so we might not sin against You. And thank You for sending Your son to bear the curse of sin for us.


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