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Chinese6/6/2006English
經文:詩篇一一九篇一至五十六節
鑰節:「我將您的話藏在心裡,免得我得罪您。」(119:11)
提要

        詩篇第一一九篇在整本聖經中不僅是最長,也是最美的篇章之一,用來描述上帝話語的價值、目的、意義。當然,它也是最美的希伯來文詩篇。它是一篇完美的字母序列詩,共有廿二組,每組都有希伯來字母中的每個字母。每組共有八節;每節都以同一字母開始。

        使人驚奇的是,除了第九十及一二二節外,每一節都提到上帝的律法,或是同義字中的一個。「律法」(Law)一字,本由希伯來文Torah翻譯而來,最好翻譯成「教導」(teaehing)或「教育」(instruction)。「律法」包括聖經中的前五本經文,而且我們在它們的裡面所看到的,不僅是上帝賜給摩西的「律法」(Law)與「立法」(Legislatian)。由於摩西的「立法」(Legislation)包含十誡,自有其不可忽視的重要性,所以它稱之為「律法」(Law)。「法度」(Testimonies)是指耶和華所說,可以為祂自己作見證的話語。「訓詞」(Precepts)則是耶和華賜給百姓的權威原則,要他們遵守及實踐,「律例」(Statutes)是由希伯來文翻譯而來,意指「彫刻」(Engiave)或「寫下」(Write)。它也可以翻譯成「習慣」(Custom:如第一三二節中說成「素常」即是)。律例是指上帝所有刻在石頭上的永久法令或條例。「命令」(Commandments)尤其是指「十誡」。詩篇第一一九篇教導我們,上帝的命令都是誠實的(第86節),極其寬廣(第96節),真實的(第151節),自我的(第172節),以及它們都是令人喜悅的,並使有智慧(第98及143節)。上帝的「判語」(judgments)就是那些帶來公義的判決(Rulings)。上帝就是審判官,由於祂是公平與公義的上帝,祂的典章就被形容成公正的、良善的、及正直的,要存到永遠,且為祂的百姓帶來幫助(例如第7、39、62、137、160、及175節)。判語還有一個同義字,就是「典章條例」(Ordinances),也即上帝可以用來約束人類的「諭令」(Decree)或「命令」(Order)。「話語」(Word)非常近似「律法」。它是指凡是上帝所說的。上帝的「道」(Way)或「路」(Path)是其他的同義字,是指上帝所有的教訓,指導我們如何在生活中實踐。

        詩篇第一一九篇似乎是模仿大衛的詩篇,因為他在詩篇十九篇七至十一節中使用了五種不同的律法同義字。大衛王非常喜愛上帝的話語(1:2)。如果詩篇第一一九篇不是大衛所撰,那麼它就是為另一人所撰,而且這個人一定非常熟悉大衛的作品,也像大衛一樣非常喜愛上帝的話語和教訓。當然,當詩人寫下這些話語時,他覺得聖靈在默示他。那時,他不太知道,他的著作有一天會成為聖經正典──也是他全心讚美的上帝的話語──的一部份。

        我們在這一詩篇中發現的靈糧,極易為大家所了解。它幾乎不需要近一步的說明。這一最長的詩篇顯示,讚美上帝的話語永遠是用之不渴的。除了第一至三節及第一一五節外,每個字都是針對向耶和華的禱告。我們從這一點就可以知道,當我們禱告的時候,我們就應該讚美上帝的話語。我們可以藉著上帝的話語,逐漸認識祂。祂也可以藉著祂自己的話語向我們啟示祂自己。我們越是了解上帝的公義審判,我們也就越會讚美祂,而且要用純正的心來讚美祂(第7節)。

        由此可知,詩人一開始就說:「行為完全,遵行耶和華律法的,這人便為有福」,也沒有什麼可奇怪的。那人這樣做就是證明,他要全心全意地尋求耶和華,討祂的喜悅。我們越是把祂的諾言放在心裡(包括能背誦它),我們就越能忠心於祂,同時,我們也就越有抗拒罪惡的力量(第11節;約14:23;15:7、8)。當我們將上帝的話語藏在我們的心裡時,我們就可以向人表示,我們把最寶貴的東西放在最重要的地方,來達成最重要的目的;使我們遠離罪惡(比較伯23:12)。

        我們如何學習遵行上帝的道呢?就是要勤習祂的話語。雖然詩人喜愛上帝的話語,並在生活中實踐它,他依然承認,他沒有能力遵守整個的摩西律法(第4~6節;雅1:25;2:10;羅7:9~13)。祇有我們的主耶穌才能做到這一點,因為祂是完全的上帝。我們可以藉上帝在我們裡面的力量,討上帝的喜悅,因為我們越來越有祂的形像(太5:48;腓3:12)。詩人也許是他那一時代中精通上帝話語的學者之一。即使如此,他仍然謙卑地表示,至於要想明白上帝的訓詞,他要學習的東西還多著呢(第27節)。他祈求:「上帝啊,求您開我的眼睛,使我看出律法中的奇妙」(第18節)。這一禱告可以作每一位讀經的人的禱告。我們可以藉著聖靈的啟迪了解上帝的知識。

禱告

        主啊,求您開我們的眼睛,好在今天看到您話語中的奇妙。求您使我們相信您所說的話,並且使您的話語在我們的裡面堅立,好使我們「不再得罪您」,而且還要榮耀您,及討您的喜悅。奉主耶穌基督聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Psalm 119:1-56
Key Verse:"Your Word I have hidden in my heart, that I might not sin against You."(Psalm 119:11)
Overview

        Psalm 119 is not only the longest chapter in the whole Bible, but is also one of the most beautiful chapters, dedicated to expressing the meaning, purpose and value of the Word of God. It is certainly the most elaborate and splendid Hebrew poem. It is a perfect acrostic, having twenty-two stanzas, one for each letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Each stanza has eight verses; each beginning with the same letter.

        Amazingly, every verse, with the exception of 90 and 122, mentions the Law of God, or one of its ten synonyms. The Law, which is the translation of the Hebrew word Torah, is better rendered as "teaching" or "instruction". It includes the first five books of the Bible wherein is found much more than just the Law and legislation that God gave to Moses. Since the Mosaic legislation, including the ten commandments, is so very important, it came to be called the Law. Testimonies refers to the words of the Lord that bear witness to Him. Precepts are the many authoritative principles that the Lord has given for His people to obey and follow. Statutes are translated from the Hebrew word meaning "engrave" or "write". It also may be translated as "custom" (v.132). Statutes refers to the authoritative written word of God which was engraved upon stone as a lasting ordinance. Commandments refers specifically to the ten commandments. Psalm 119 teaches us that they are faithful (v.86), all-encompassing (v.96), truth (v.151), righteousness (v.172), and that they are a delight which makes one wiser (vv. 98, 143). Judgments of God are those divine rulings that bring justice, and are so called because God is the Judge. Since He is just and righteous, they are referred to as righteous, good, and upright which endure forever and bring help (e.g. vv. 7, 39, 62, 137, 160,175). A similar synonym for judgments is Ordinances which are those divine decrees or orders that are binding upon mankind. The Word is the most common synonym for the Law. It refers to whatever God says. God's Way or Path are yet other synonyms, referring to all His teachings that instruct us in the way we should go.

        Psalm 119 seems to be modelled after the psalm of David, 19:7-11, wherein he uses five different synonyms for the Law. King David had a tremendous love for the Word of God (1:2). If Psalm 119 was not written by him, it was authored by another righteous man who was well versed in the writings of David and who also had a deep love for the Holy Scriptures and devotion to God's instruction. Surely as the psalmist wrote these words, he felt the inspiration of the Holy Spirit of God upon him. Little did he know at the time, that his own writings would one day become a part of the Canon of Scripture, the beloved Word of God that he praised so highly.

        Within this psalm, we find good food for the soul that can so easily be understood by all. It hardly needs further comment. The lengthy psalm reveals that praise to God for His Holy Word cannot be exhausted. With the exception of verses 1-3 and 115, every word is directed to the Lord in prayer. We learn by this that when we pray, we too should praise God for His Word. By His word we come to know Him. Through it, He has revealed Himself to us. Learning more of God's "righteous judgments" leads us to not only praise Him more, but to praise Him with a pure and upright heart (v.7).

        It is no wonder that the psalmist begins by saying how blessed is the person who walks in the way of the Lord, and who keeps His testimonies. In doing so, that person shows evidence that seeking the Lord with his whole heart, pleases God. The more we have His Word in our hearts (which includes committing it to memory), the more we abide in Him and the greater the defense we have against sin (v.ll; John 14:23; 15:7,8). In hiding God's Word in our hearts, we show that it is a very special treasure put into the most important place to serve the most important purpose; keeping us from sin (cf. Job 23:12).

        How do we learn to walk in God's ways? By reading and studying His precious and Holy Word. Although the psalmist loves God's Word and practices it, he still recognizes that he has fallen short in his ability to keep the whole law of Moses (vv. 4-6; James 1:25; 2:10; Rom. 7:9-13). Only our Lord Jesus who was perfect, was able to do this. Through His strength in us, we can still please God as we grow to become more in His image (Matt. 5:48; Phil. 3:12). The psalmist was probably one of the people in his day who knew the Word of God best. Still he humbly expresses that he has more to learn and more to understand concerning God's precepts (v. 27). He prays, "open my eyes, that I may see wondrous things from Your Law" (v. 18). This should be the prayer of everyone who reads the Bible. Through the Holy Spirit we can truly be enlightened in our understanding and knowledge of God.

Prayer

        Open our eyes, Lord, that we may indeed see wondrous things from Your Word this day. Incline our hearts to what You are saying and establish Your Word in us, that we "might not sin against You," but rather honour and please you.


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