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Chinese11/1/2006English
經文:但以理書第十一、十二章
鑰節:「智慧人必發光如同天上的光;那使多人歸義的,必發光如星,直到永永遠遠。」(12:3)
提要

        迦百列在十一章進一步說明,是他幫助大流士繼承王位。大流士的波斯米底亞軍,後來征服了巴比倫(11:1)。預言是論到波斯的第四王澤克西斯,即以斯帖記中的亞哈隨魯王(主前四八六至四六四年),他攻打希臘軍,引發激烈戰鬥(11:2)。後來希臘的亞歷山大大帝崛起掌權,不過在他的政權達到顛峰時猝死,國家遂分裂成四部份分,由四個大將軍佔領。亞歷山大的兩個兒子被殺,沒有後嗣可繼承王位(11:3~4)。

        下面的預言仍集中在帝國分裂後兩大國之間的衝突:第一部份是在南方的埃及托勒密一世所建的托勒密王朝,第二部份是在北方敘利亞西流士所建的西流士王朝。兩大強權爭霸期間,位於兩者之中的巴勒斯坦小國就成了必爭之地。本章的預言雖未涵蓋全部的歷史,但也預言了許多在但以理之後要應驗的事件。

        那個所謂的「卑鄙的人」(11:21)就是安提阿古•衣比凡斯,但以理曾預言過的那一位,要用詭計控得敘利亞國(8:9~14,23~25)。這個惡人遮藏了他那敵基督者的惡行,將猶太人希臘化,並獲致成功。許多猶太人追隨了他,並從他獲得報償,卻背棄了上帝的聖約(11:30)。

        因為羅馬海軍的干預,衣比凡尼斯攻打南國並未得逞。但他卻把挫折感和憤怒發洩在那些忠心的猶太人身上,褻瀆聖地,行毀壞可憎之事(11:30~31),把豬獻在祭壇上,又把偶像宙斯立於聖殿中。正如但以理所預言,那些「認識上帝的子民」慘遭逼迫和殺害,但他們即使倒在刀下,也不以為恥(11:32)。

        十一章三十六節起的預言跳到將來的末世,衣比凡尼斯來代表末世要出現的敵基督。他要高抬自己到上帝的地位,又說話褻瀆上帝(11:36~37;參提後2:3~4)。他必不顧上帝,也不管「婦女所羨慕的上帝」,即彌賽亞(猶太的子女總想做彌賽亞的母親)。他不但拜自己,也拜保護他軍隊的神(11:38~39)。「到末了」,各國要攻打他,他卻戰勝他們。不過,他的權勢只是暫時的,當上帝的忿怒傾注在地上時,才是史無前例的災難開始(11:36下;12:1;太24:21~22)。天使長米迦勒會在那時出現,幫助上帝的子民渡過(12:1)。

        到上帝所定的日子(但以理的最後一個「一七之半」,9:27;12:7、11),上帝要拯救那些名字記在羔羊冊上的(基督第二次來時)。忠心於上帝而死的人會復活,而有一個新而屬靈的身體(啟20:4、6)。就如但以理所說的兩類復活:「有得永生的」、「有受羞辱永遠被憎惡的」(12:2)。根據啟示錄二十章五節所記:凡名字不在生命冊上的,要等到千禧年之後復活,去受審判,和火湖的刑罰(啟20:11~15)。多可怕的警語,要人悔改事奉上帝。但以理的預言也安慰了那些受害的信徒,他們因使多人歸義,認識耶穌基督,所以也要受獎賞(12:3;參雅5:19~20;彼前5:3~4;提後2:5;帖前2:19;箴11:30)

        但以理奉命要保存這部作品,封閉本書,只給那些值得信賴的猶太人看,所以我們今天才能蒙受其利(12:4)。但以理雖第一手接受異象和部份的解釋,他對很多事還是「不明白」(12:8)。我們雖比他多了新約啟示的亮光,很多預言仍是奧密不能明白。就像但以理一樣,我們不能自稱是預言專家,除非預言變成歷史(參約2:22)。我們只能保持相信,並等待所應許的盼望來到(12:12~13;參多2:11~13)。

禱告

        主啊,讚美您,因您使我們和您連結。藉耶穌寶血的潔淨,我們的名字被記在生命冊上。求您幫助我們能和別人分享這個好消息。奉主耶穌基督的名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Daniel 11&12
Key Verse:"Those who are wise shall shine like the brightness of the firmament, and those who turn many to righteousness like the stars forever and ever."(Daniel 12:3)
Overview

        Chapter 11 continues with the words of the angel Gabriel. He makes it understood that he was a strengthening force behind the success of Darius, who conquered Babylon with the army of the Medes and Persians (11:1). A prophecy is made of the great fourth ruler of Persia, Xerxes, known in the book of Esther as Ahasuerus (486-464 B.C.). His wars against Greece greatly angered them and caused them to ready themselves for stronger warfare (11:2). The great military leader, Alexander the Great, arose to gain dominion for Greece, but when he reached the climax of his reign, he died, and his kingdom was broken up into four divisions under the rule of his four generals. His two sons were murdered, so he had no posterity to inherit his dominion (11:3-4).

        The prophecy continues by focusing upon the many conflicts between the two prominent divisions of Alexander's broken empire: (1) the division of the south (Egypt) under Ptolemy I, named Soter, who established the long dynasty of the Ptolemies, and (2) the division of the north (Syria) under Seleucus I, named Nicator, who began the long line of rulers in the Seleucid dynasty. In their struggle for power, the little country of Palestine was caught in the middle, and the two powers continually vied for control over it. The prophecies in this chapter do not comprise a complete history, but they give many predictions that were remarkably fulfilled centuries after Daniel recorded them.

        The main ruler with whom this prophecy is concerned is the one who slyly and deceitfully took control over the North. He was the "vile person" (11:21) named Antiochus Epiphanes, of whom Daniel had earlier prophesied (8:9-14, 23-25). This wicked man with his evil doings foreshadowes the wickedness of the coming Antichrist. Epiphanes tried to Hellenize the Jews (make them like Greeks), and to some degree he succeeded. Many Jews followed him and were rewarded by him, and yet in so doing they forsook their covenant with God (11:30).

        After Epiphanes had made an unsuccessful campaign against the south, because of the intervention of Roman navy, he took his frustrations out on the faithful Jews and the Temple of God by committing "the abomination of desolation" (11:30-31), in which he defiled the Temple by offering a pig upon the altar and erecting an idol of Zeus. As Daniel prophesied, those who remained true to the faith would be sorely persecuted and killed, yet they would be "the people who know their God" and who could hold up their heads without shame, for they will "firmly resist him" (11:32, NIV).

        During this time of tribulation, the resistance movement against the Hellenic domination was made up of those who knew God and were wise. They were separatists, called the "Hasidim" (the righteous), from whom sprang the Pharisees ("separated ones") of the New Testament. Many of them hid themselves and received help from courageous Mattathias Maccabeus and his sons. Those who were not totally dedicated to the cause fell away, but for others, the persecution served to purge and purify them. These ones were heroes of faith who will, at the appointed time, be resurrected and share in the glorious coming Messianic kingdom (11:34-35; cf. Heb. 11:35-40).

        Starting at 11:36, Daniel's prophecy jumps much further into the future and deals with another vile and willful king whom Epiphanes typified — the Antichrist of the end-times. He shall exalt himself to divinity and speak blasphemy against the true God (11:36-37; cf. 2 Thess. 2:3-4). He will have no concern or regard for God or for "the desire of women", which Jewish tradition says refers to the Messiah, whom every Jewish girl wished to mother. As well as worshipping himself, he will worship and glorify military power (11:38-39). "At the time of the end" (i.e. of the tribulation), nations will come against him, but he will overpower them. Some people, however, will escape his advances. His great power will be only temporary, until God's wrath is poured out upon the earth; this will be a time of unparalleled trouble (ll:36b, 12:1; Matt. 24:21-22 ), yet the archangel Michael will be present to strengthen God's people (12:1).

        At the time God has purposed (in the last half of Daniel's seventieth week, 9:27; 12:7, 11), He will deliver all those whose names are written in the Lamb's Book of Life (Christ's second coming), and for those who have died in the faith, there will be an immediate resurrection to a new and spiritual body (Rev. 20:4, 6). As Daniel indicates, there are two resurrections: "some to everlasting life" and "some to shame and everlasting contempt" (12:2). According to Revelation 20:5a, all those whose names are not in the Book of Life will be resurrected after the Millennium to face judgment, eternal shame, and the lake of fire (Rev. 20:11-15). What a strong warning to repent of sin and serve the living God! Daniel's prophecy also gives consolation to the persecuted believers, for it predicts the rewards of the faithful who are wise in being good examples and in sharing the Lord Jesus; by doing this, others would come to know Jesus and be numbered among the righteous (12:3; cf. James 5:19-20; 1 Pet. 5:3-4; 2 Tim. 2:5; 1 Thess. 2:19; Prov. 11:30).

        Daniel was ordered to preserve and protect his writings, likely in a sealed earthen vessel (cf. Jer. 32:14) that he would leave to truthworthy Jews, so that we today, in this age of mobility and knowledge, might benefit from them (12:4). Even though Daniel received the visions and a partial interpretation, he still confessed his lack of understanding (12:8). Although we have had a fuller revelation of God in the New Testament, there is still much prophecy that remains a mystery. Like Daniel, no one can claim to be a prophecy expert until prophecy becomes history (cf. John 2:22). Just as Daniel is exhorted, we too must keep on trusting and waiting upon the Lord for our promised blessed hope (12:12-13; cf. Titus 2:11-13).

Prayer

        Lord, we praise 'You for the provision that You have made for us to be reconciled to You. By repenting, receiving, and accepting the cleansing provided through the blood of Jesus Christ, our names are written in the Book of life. Help us to share this good news with others.


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