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Chinese10/1/2006English
經文:耶利米哀歌第一、二章
鑰節:「耶和華啊,求您觀看,因我在急難中。我心腸擾亂……因我大大悖逆。」(1:20)
提要

        耶利米哀歌,是耶利米對耶路撒冷的陷落,所表達深切哀痛的詩章,尤其是第一章。作者以擬人的手法,把聖城寫成是一個傷心、被棄的寡婦。她痛失了丈夫(上帝)和孩子(居民)。因為這些人不是被殺,就是被擄。耶利米深切感受到聖城的痛楚和屈辱。他雖然認同自己是這城的一份子,但仍承認這城是有罪的。因此,雖然他個人沒犯任何罪引致上帝的憤怒與審判(1:12下),他仍在上帝面前認罪。他清楚知道聖城所受的刑罰和痛苦是應當的,因為他們犯罪悖逆了上帝(1:5、8、18、20)。耶路撒冷是個不忠貞的妻子,拜外邦假神,像娼妓般地玷辱自己的身子。但是,城破的那一刻,竟沒有一個他們所拜的偶像前來幫助、安慰她(1:2、9、19;參耶2:25~28;3:1)。因為那位獨一的真神,定意要扔下她,把盛著烈怒的杯傾於其上(見第二章)。

        同時,那些與耶路撒冷結盟的拜偶像諸國,竟也沒有一個前來幫助她,或安慰她,反倒在城破之後嘲弄嗤笑她(1:2下、21;2:15)。唯一能安慰她的耶和華上帝,又因她的罪與祂相離甚遠(1:16;參賽59:1~2)。罪從未讓人幸福,卻會招來審判、羞辱、悲傷和痛苦。尤其會折磨像耶路撒冷這樣的背道者。當她回想起過去蒙福的歲月,她會更加傷痛(1:7上)。就在這不幸的時刻,耶利米出面為她求情。藉著這些深沉動人的哀歌,顯示出上帝對罪人的愛和憐憫。其實,主耶和華並不以降重罪為樂,雖然祂必須這樣做。因為祂是一位公正、聖潔、公義的上帝。但是祂仍樂於施恩接納那些悔改的罪人。今天,我們這些上帝的子民,不應該對罪人的悲苦冷漠。罪使他們落在上帝的審判之下,然而,我們的見證與代求,可以使他們明白上帝的愛,進而悔改。

        耶利米在描寫這場因上帝的震怒而來的災難時,特別強調,沒有一物可倖免於中--甚至包括聖殿和聖物(2:1)。上帝撤走了祂的保障,切斷一切的援助(「角」,2:3)。把聖城中的每個人、每件物拱手讓給了入侵的巴比倫諸國。這些敵國不但玷污聖殿(1:10),更將之完全毀滅,還把貴重的物品連人一起帶走。因此,耶利米痛責那些誤國的假先知,他們不但未指明百姓的罪過,還欺哄他們,給他們虛假的盼望,使得領袖們不願投降。聖城卻因長期受圍困而大遭飢荒,人民受很大的苦害。耶利米痛心地回憶那些無辜卻餓死的百姓,以及那些不得不烹煮兒女為食的母親(2:19~20;4:10;參利26:29)。至此,他忍不住懇求耶和華彰顯祂的慈愛。

        哀歌印證了耶利米早先針對不悔改的百姓所發的預言。他們就像耶利米親身示範的預言般,被軛繩所束縛,屈從了尼布甲尼撒王。這些預言的確應驗了,但耶利米並未嘲笑他們說:「看吧,我早就跟你們說過了。」相反的,上帝的愛充滿耶利米的心。當他目睹這些不幸的事件,他說:「我眼淚汪汪」(1:16),「眼中流淚,以致失明。」(2:11)幾世紀之後,耶穌也同樣地為這一座城哭泣,因為她屬靈的眼瞎了。也因她又將面臨破城之災(路19:41~44;太23:37~39)。作為耶穌的跟從者,我們也要以同樣善良的心腸,對待這個失落將亡的世界。這樣的心情,將激勵我們為耶穌作見證。

禱告

        親愛的主,幫助我們與您有更親密關係,遠離罪惡。如此我們方能領人認識您的赦罪之恩。因凡是求告您名的人,都可得著赦免。奉主耶穌基督的名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Lamentations 1&2
Key Verse:"See, O Lord, that I am in distress; my soul is troubled... for I have been very rebellious..."(Lamentations 1:20)
Overview

        In each of the five poems found in the Book of Lamentations, Jeremiah bewailed the destruction of Jerusalem, but chapter one is the most poignant in expressing his grief. Jeremiah personifies Jerusalem as a mourning and abandoned widow, bereft of her husband (the Lord) and her children (the inhabitants), many of whom were slaughtered or carried away captive. He deeply felt her pain and humiliation. He identified himself with her and with the people of Judah. He admitted her guilt and made confession before God, even though he was innocent of the sins which led to the Lord's wrath and judgment upon Jerusalem (l:12ff). He made it clear that she deserved that punishment and was suffering because of her many transgressions in rebellion against God (1:5, 8, 18, 20). Jerusalem had become like an unfaithful wife, since she had defiled herself by playing the harlot in worshipping foreign gods. At the appointed time of her collapse, however, none of her many lovers, those worthless idols, could give her any help or comfort (1:2, 9, 19; cf. Jer. 2:25-28; 3:1), for the only true God had purposed to throw her down and pour upon her the cup of His fury, which is graphically described in chapter two (2:4b, 8,17).

        Jerusalem's friends (allies), those idolatrous nations upon whom she had trusted, such as the Egyptian coalition, would likewise not come to her aid nor give her any comfort; rather, they would mock and scorn her after her fall (l:2b, 21; 2:15). The only One who could give real comfort was the Lord God, but He was now far from her, for sin brings separation from God (1:16; cf. Isa. 59:1-2). Sin never leads to happiness, but only to judgment, shame, mourning, and suffering; and this is especially tormenting to the backslider who, like Jerusalem, can remember the blessed days with the Lord, thus making their suffering more poignant (1:7a). Yet, in the midst of Jerusalem's distress, God's servant, Jeremiah, was present to intercede on her behalf. His deeply moving lamentations give evidence to the love and compassion of God for sinful mankind. The Lord does not take pleasure in bringing severe judgments, but such is demanded by His justice, holiness, and righteousness (1:18). God takes pleasure in extending His grace and in receiving unto Himself the repentant sinner. We, the people of God today, must not be indifferent to the sorrows and sufferings of those who are lost in sin (1:12; 2:20). In their sinful state, they are under the judgment of God, but through our witness and intercession, they can come to see and understand the love God has for them, leading many to repentance.

        In describing Jerusalem's divinely appointed disaster and God's wrath upon her, Jeremiah stressed that nothing was spared, not even the Temple ("His footstool", 2:1) and the holy furnishings. God had removed His protective hedge, cut off all Israel's strength ("every horn", 2:3), and given everyone and everything over to the invading nations led by Babylon. The adversaries not only brought further defilement to the Temple (1:10) but completely destroyed it, carrying away all the costly articles, along with most of the people. Jeremiah accused the false prophets of playing a large part in this downfall; for unlike true prophets, they did not reveal the sin of the people but rather deceived them (2:14; 4:13), giving them false hope which caused the leaders to refuse to surrender, and therefore Jerusalem greatly suffered from famine during the long siege. Jeremiah painfully recollected the innocent ones who died of starvation and the cannibalism of the once-loving mothers (2:19-20; 4:10; cf. Lev 26:29). He interceded and pled for the Lord's mercy to be shown.

        Jeremiah's lamentation attests to the accuracy of his former prophecies concerning Jerusalem and the future of the unrepentant people. They did indeed have to wear the yoke and be subservient to Nebuchadnezzar, just as he had dramatized (1:14; cf. Jer. 27:2; 28:10), but now that his words had been fulfilled, he did not scorn them and say, "I told you so!"; rather, the love of God remained in his heart. As he spoke the words of the personified Jerusalem, his own eyes must have wept profusely as he viewed the situation of Jerusalem and the plight of the people (1:16; 2:11). Likewise, centuries later, Jesus wept over this same city because of her spiritual blindness and the inevitable coming destruction (Luke 19:41-44; Matt. 23:37-39). Followers of Christ are to have this same tender heart toward our lost and dying world. This is the heart which prompts us to be witnesses for Jesus.

Prayer

        Dear Lord, help us to live in a close relationship with You and to turn away from evil, that we may lead others to a knowledge of Your forgiveness which is available to all who call upon Your name.


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