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Chinese9/3/2006English
經文:耶利米書十一、十二、十三章
鑰節:「……你們要聽從我的話,照我一切所吩咐去行;這樣,你們就作我的子民,我也作你們的上帝。」(11:4)
提要

        當約西亞的日子發現失落的律法書(可能是申命記),給人民帶來守約的新曙光(王下22:8,11)。這書在申命記第二十八章清楚記述、教導,凡不遵行約上的話之人要受咒詛,以及謹守遵行的都必蒙福。許多時候以色列百姓對著這約都說「阿們」(出24:7;申27:26;王下23:3),但他們常因不遵行而受了咒詛。然而,遵行這約的人,耶和華將是他們的上帝,這是極大的福氣和所享的權利(參申29:12~15)。耶利米時常引用申命記的話,因他作祭司必定熟讀這書,也必深知百姓如何深陷罪中,應受咒詛。(參申27:26;29:24~28)。

        耶和華叫耶利米要走遍猶大,提醒百姓重視這約上的話,告訴他們遵行上帝的話(11:6;參羅2;13)。可是百姓不聽從,反而繼續按他們所喜愛的去行,正像摩西的警告就要實現似的(比較11:8和申29:19)。他們拜偶像,就是上帝最忿怒的罪,因為他們所拜神的數目像他們住的城那樣多。上帝告訴他們,由於他們與許多神的猥褻行為,不得進入耶和華的殿(11:15)。上帝知道因為百姓頑梗的悖逆,甚至耶利米替他們的祈禱是無用的。祂宣告當災難臨到時,祂不會聽他們的呼求;至於他們仍然呼求的那些神,對他們也是無濟於事(11:11~14)。耶和華的好橄欖樹和所栽的葡萄樹都要被燒毀,並毫不憐惜地被踐踏(12:10),枝條要被折斷,意指他們將被擄離開本土,也意指將從屬靈的樹上被折下來(11:16b;參羅11:17~20)。

        沒有人喜歡聽定罪的信息,但對真話則必須相信和留心聽;但甚至連耶利米的本家和亞拿突祭司城的人,也不相信他。他們想用權柄壓他,要他不再傳講,然而他不會停止,因有更高權柄交託他要傳講那些信息。耶和華按照祂要保護耶利米的話(1:8,19),指示他關於亞拿突有人要害他的計謀,將會敗露。耶利米自己不想辦法,他把伸冤的事交給上帝;上帝宣告他們要死在刀劍之下,將無餘民留在本土;這可能指有的要被擄到巴比倫去,因為後來我們可讀到有些亞拿突人從被擄之地歸回(參拉2:23)。

        耶利米在第十二章開頭的六節,似乎在與上帝理論,為何亞拿突人雖然大行詭詐,祂卻栽培他們,並使他們結果。耶利米向上帝提起他們不相他的信息(12:4b)。上帝回答耶利米說他的苦難會增加(12:5),並且確實告訴他,大凡先知除了本地本家之外,沒有不被人尊敬的(參太13:57;約4:44)。耶利米所傳上帝給他的信息竟然無人介意(12:11b)。因此,上帝要放棄祂的產業、祂所愛的、祂的葡萄園,讓它給野獸吞食。然而,該章結尾卻帶給猶大和擄人者一線希望;耶和華要憐憫猶大,把他們從異邦中拔出來,且帶回來;至於任何外邦人如聽從上帝,也必建立在祂的百姓中間。如果他們不聽從上帝,有一天祂必毀滅作惡的列國(12:17;參賽60:12)。

        如果有實物教材的說明,人常學習得好。因此,耶和華要耶利米買一根祭司用的麻布帶子(可能是精工繡製的),以代表以色列和猶大驕傲的百姓,但是要把它放在伯拉河邊的磐石穴中幾天(即在巴比倫土地,象徵上帝要朝那方向拋棄他們)。後來腰帶變壞,毫無用處,正如那些百姓要變成的樣子,當他們從被擄之地歸回,他們的驕傲要被去掉,變成謙卑的樣子。

        第二項說明是上帝用盛滿酒的罈,以表明祂知忿怒將傾倒在他們之上,使他們昏亂,東倒西歪像酩酊大醉的醉漢一樣(參詩60:3;賽59:17)。他們不歸榮耀於上帝,因他們喜歡黑暗,所以上帝給他們真正在死中的黑暗(參腓4:18;約3:19~20)。他們習慣行惡,正如不可能要古實人改變皮膚一樣(13:23),所以他們也不能救自己或變成純潔。這顯示人的罪惡和墮落,因為除了從上帝來的神蹟──耶穌基督的道成肉身,人類不可能活在光中,且成為公義和聖潔(參羅3:12,23;詩14:3,51;5;弗2:1~3)。

禱告

        主阿,像豹子不能改變斑點一樣,我們不能改變我們的心,但您能。求您幫助我們了解我們日日需要主的潔淨,以祂要我們日日順服為願望。奉主耶穌聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Jeremiah 11,12 &13
Key Verse:"Obey My voice so shall you be My people, and I will be your God."(Jeremiah 11:4)
Overview

        The discovery of the lost book of the Law (likely the book of Deuteronomy) in the days of Josiah (2 Kings 22:8, 11) brought new light on the people's obligations to the covenant. It also taught them about the curses for disobedience and the blessing for obedience to the words of the covenant, as fully described in Deuteronomy 28. Many times the children of Israel had said "amen" to the covenant (Ex. 24:7; Deut. 27:26; 2 Kings 23:3), but then they would always break it and suffer the curses. The covenant, however, was a blessing and a privilege to be enjoyed, for in keeping it the Lord would be their God, and this is the greatest blessing (cf. Deut. 29:12-15). Jeremiah makes many direct references to Deuteronomy, for as a priest, he would have studied the book thoroughly and would have seen how far the people had fallen into sin and how deserving they now were of the curses (cf. Deut. 27:26; 29:24-28).

        The Lord told Jeremiah to go throughout Judah to remind the people of the words of the covenant and tell them to obey God's words ("do them", 11:6; cf. Rom. 2:13). Yet the people did not listen or obey; rather they continued to do as they pleased, just as Moses warned would happen (compare 11:8 and Deut. 29:19). Their idolatry was the sin that most angered the Lord, for they worshipped as many gods as they had cities. God told them that because of their "lewd deeds" with so many gods, they had no right to even enter the Temple of the Lord (11:15). God knew that because of the people's stubborn rebelliousness, it was of no use for Jeremiah to even pray for them. He declared that when the calamity would come upon them, He would not hear their cries, and their many gods, to whom they would also cry, could do nothing to help them (11:11-14). The Lord's good olive tree and choice vine would be burned and mercilessly trampled (12:10), and its branches would be broken, meaning they would be removed from their land and taken captive, as well as meaning that they would be removed from the spiritual tree (ll:16b; cf. Rom. 10:17-20).

        No one likes to hear messages of doom, but when they are true they should be believed and heeded, but even Jeremiah's own family and those from his priestly home town of Anathoth did not believe him. They tried to exercise their authority over him by telling him to stop preaching, yet he would not, for a higher authority had commissioned him to preach those messages. In keeping His word to protect Jeremiah (1:8,19), the Lord revealed to him the conspiracy of those from Anathoth to murder him, and so it failed. Rather than taking matters into his own hands, Jeremiah left the vengeance to the Lord, who proclaimed that they would die by the sword and no remnant would be left in the land; this possibly meant that some would be taken captive to Babylon, for later we read that some people of Anathoth did return to the land from the captivity (cf. Ezra 2:23).

        The first six verses of chapter 12 seem to also refer to the men of Anathoth of whom Jeremiah complains that although they are wicked they still appear to be "planted" by God and prosperous. In prayer, Jeremiah reminds the Lord that they had not believed his message (12:4b). In response, the Lord tells Jeremiah that his troubles will increase (12:5) and affirms that indeed a prophet is without honour in his own home and his own country (cf. Matt. 13:57; John 4:44). No one took Jeremiah's God-given message to heart (12:llb). Therefore, God would forsake His heritage, His beloved, His vineyard, and leave it to be ravished by wild beasts. The chapter ends, however, on a note of hope for both Judah and her captors. The Lord would have compassion on Judah, pluck her out of the foreign land, and bring her back, and any Gentile who obeys the Lord will likewise be welcomed to dwell among them. But if they do not obey Him, He will one day destroy those wicked nations (12:17; cf. Isa. 60:12).

        People often learn best if they have a visual illustration. Therefore, Jeremiah was instructed by the Lord to purchase a new priestly sash (probably an elborately decorated one); it was to represent the proud people of Israel and Judah, but after leaving it in a hole by the Euphrates for many days (in the territory of Babylon, possibly symbolizing that God would cast them away in that direction), it was marred, ruined, and worthless, just as the people had become, and when they would return from captivity they would be stripped of their pride and humbled.

        The second illustration of the filled wine flagons was to show that when God's wrath would be poured out upon them, it would cause confusion, disillusionment, and a fall, like that of a drunkard (cf. Ps. 60:3; Isa. 51:17). They would not give glory to God, for they loved the darkness, and therefore God would give them actual darkness in death (cf. Eph. 4:18; John 3:19-20). They were accustomed to doing evil, and just as it is impossible for the Ethiopian to change his skin (13:23), so too they could not save themselves or become pure. This shows the sinfulness and depravity of man, for without a miracle from God —the incarnation of Jesus — mankind cannot live in the Light and become pure and righteous (cf. Rom. 3:12, 23; Ps. 14:3; 51:5; Eph. 2:1-3).

Prayer

        As the leopard cannot change the condition of its spots, we cannot change the condition of our hearts, but You can, Oh Lord. Help us to realize our need of Christ's daily cleansing and His desire for daily obedience.


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