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Chinese9/4/2005English
經文:士師記三章
鑰節:「耶和華的靈降在他身上,他就作了以色列的士師,出去爭戰。耶和華將……交在他手中,於是國中太平……。」(3:10~11)
提要

        摩西一再警告以色列人,一旦上帝使他們定居在迦南地,又賜給他們太平和各種福氣,他們切不可忘記上帝和上帝與他們所立的約。然而這正是以色列人的寫照。他們不只忘了上帝,也忘了征戰和征服迦南地的事,因為新的一代未曾參與約書亞所領導的戰事。上帝容許一些異教居民留在迦南地的理由之一就是要叫以色列人的後代「學習戰事」(2節)。以色列人是上帝審判罪惡之迦南地的工具,所以他們不只要作居民,還要作戰士。

        上帝讓迦南人(泛指迦南地所有異教國家的國民)續存的其他理由是要懲罰以色列人的悖逆(2:3),以及測驗他們對上帝是否忠誠(3:1、4)。以色列人不幸失敗了,他們甚至違背了摩西所定不得與迦南地異族人通婚的規定(6節;參出34:15~16;申7:1~5)。這樣一來當然使他們更進一步的接受了異教的文化和宗教。他們拜巴力(男神)和亞舍拉(女神),那是最墮落的行為,難怪上帝的怒氣要向他們發作。

        以色列民在信仰上的變節也導致他們的分裂。對上帝真實的敬拜是他們統一之所繫,現在這個聯繫破裂,國力也變得衰弱,不只在靈性上,軍事上也一樣,易受外敵的攻擊。如我們在本章所見,每當以色列人不順服上帝時,就有敵人來攻打他們,因為上帝容許以色列人挨打,為了懲罰他們。

        以色列第一次受壓迫的審判是來自米所波大米王(位於以色列東北方),在他手下服役八年。然後歷史又重演:悖逆的以色列人在苦難中呼求上帝,上帝因祂的憐憫興起一位拯救者。第一位士師俄陀聶成功的折斷米所波大米王的軛,帶給以色列人四十年「太平」的日子(平安、疆域穩固、沒有敵人來犯);這都是因為上帝的靈降在他身上(10節)。聖靈的能力在一個人身上的工作是不可忽視的。聖靈的能力使人能完成不可能的壯舉。

        俄陀聶死後,以色列人再度拜偶像行邪淫。這次審判來自約旦河東的摩押人、亞捫人(羅得的後裔)、和亞瑪力人(以掃的後裔)。摩押王伊磯倫率三軍,照從前約書亞的行徑,跨約旦河,進攻以色列東界的要塞,耶利哥城。

        在摩押人十八年的壓迫下(被迫納重賦),以色列再次呼求上帝。上帝垂聽他們的祈求,興起以笏解救以色列人,帶給他們八十年的太平。有趣的是,聖經特別提到以笏是左撇子,這可能有利於他行刺伊磯倫(21節)。便雅憫族似乎有很多人是左撇子,同時也是雙手都靈活的人,這大概是該族一項獨特的遺傳,上帝也常用此特點使以色列人在戰場上得利(士20:15~16;代上12:2)。

        以色列的下一位英雄是珊迦,從他的名字可看出他不是以色列人(可能是一位歸正的迦南人)。儘管如此,珊迦還是將以色列人從非利士人的壓迫下拯救出來。珊迦可能與士師底波拉是同時代的人物,當時以色列沒有武器或武器控制權(5:6~8)。這就是為什麼他用趕牛棍而不是用長矛來自衛。趕牛棍是一根頂端為金屬的長棍,用來刺戳牛群和清除犁耙。上帝可以讓聖靈充滿的人用最簡單的東西,來榮耀祂,並顯明是祂在掌管一切(如大衛的彈弓、參孫的驢腮骨)。

禱告

        主啊,今天大部分的信徒沒有拜偶像的試探,但我們卻會去敬拜財物、地位、名譽、權力、和其他現代虛假的神祇。求您拯救我們,使我們百分之百的敬拜您。奉主耶穌聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Judges 3
Key Verse:“The Spirit of the Lord came upon him, and he judges Israel. He went out to war, and the Lord delivered… So the land had rest…”( Judges 3:10, 11)
Overview

        Moses had repeatedly warned Israel that once God had settled them in the land and given them rest and blessings to enjoy, they were not to forget Him and His covenant. Yet this is exactly what they did. Not only did they forget about God, but they also forgot about war and conquering since this generation was not involved in the conquests of Joshua. One of the reasons God allowed the heathen inhabitants to remain in the land was to “teach Israel war” (v.2). Israel was to be God’s instrument of judgment in fighting against the evil in the land; therefore, they were not merely to be settlers, but also warriors.

        Other reasons for the presence of Canaanites (a general term applying to all of the heathen national within Canaan) in the land would be as a punishment upon Israel for disobedience (2:3) and a test of Israel’s faith and loyalty to their God (3:1, 4). They miserably failed this test and even transgressed the regulation Moses had laid down forbidding intermarriage with the heathen inhabitants of the land (v.6; cf. Ex.34:15-16; Deut.7:1-5). This, of course, led them even further to adopt the heathen culture and religion. They worshipped the Baals (male deities) and the Asherahs (female deities, v.7), which involved the worst kinds of perversions. No wonder the Lord’s wrath burned against them.

        Israel’s apostasy led to their disunity, since the true worship of God was their unifying bond. When this bond broke down, the country became weak, not only spiritually but militarily as well, and they were therefore more susceptible to enemy attack. As we see in this chapter, the enemies did indeed attack whenever Israel was living in disobedience to God, for God Himself would allow this in order to punish them.

        The first judgment of oppression came upon Israel through the king of Mesopotamia (northeast of Israel) to whom they were in bondage for eight years. The usual cycle then repeated itself: disobedient Israel cried out to the Lord in their distress, and He mercifully rose up a deliverer. The fist judge, Othniel (previously introduced, 1:13) was successful in throwing off Mesopotamian oppression and bringing “rest” (peace, secure borders, no enemy attacks) to Israel for forty years; all because the Spirit of the Lord was upon Him (v.10). The power of the Holy Spirit working through an individual cannot be underestimated. Impossible feats are achieved by the Spirit’s power.

        Israel once again fell into idolatry after the death of Othniel. This time they were defeated by the Moabites, Ammonites (descendants of Lot), and the Amalekites (descendants of Esau) from east of the Jordan. Led by Eglon, king of Moab, they approached Canaan in the same way Joshua had, crossing the Jordan and attaching Jericho. Which was likely Israel’s stronghold for defeating their eastern border.

        After eighteen years of oppressing (forced to pay a tribute – probably a high percentage of their agricultural produce), Israel once again cried out to the Lord. He answered by raising up Ehud to deliver them and bring rest to the land for eighty years. Interestly, it is mentioned that he was left-handed, which provably aided him in concealing his intention to assassinate Eglon (v.21). It appears that many Benjamites were left-handed and also ambidextrous, possibly a common hereditary tribal peculiarity which the Lord used for Israel’s advantage in war (Judges 20:15-16; 1 Chron.12:2).

        The next hero in Israel’s history was Shamgar. From his foreign name it appears he was not an Israelite (possibly a converted Canaanite). Nonetheless, Shamgar delivered Israel from the oppression of the Philistines (likely the most recent invaders into the land from Crete/Caphtor and the surrounding islands, Amos 9:7) who later caused much trouble for Israel. Shamgar was probably a contemporary of the judge Deborah and lived in the land at a time when Israel had no control or weapons (5:6-8). The goad would explain why he had to use the ox goad instead of a spear to defend himself. This was a long stick with a metal tip, used for prodding the cattle and cleaning out the plow. The Lord can use even the simplest things in the hands of His Spirit-filled people to bring Him glory and show that He is in control (e.g. David’s sling; Samson’s jawbone of an ass).

Prayer

        Lord, most of Your people today are not tempted to bow down before images to worship them, but we are tempted to give homage to property, position, prestige, power, and other modern false gods. Deliver us to worship You 100%.


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