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Chinese11/14/2006English
經文:俄巴底亞書
鑰節:「耶和華降罰的日子臨近萬國。你怎樣行,祂也必照樣向你行……」(15節)
提要

        以東以為可安穩立足於西珥山而極端自大,他們自我欺騙自己的重要性和安全性。上帝卻要激勵列國去攻打他,將他毀滅(1節)。即使他在大自然的天險要塞設防,並以為無人可攻克,其實,若非上帝的幫助,他根本無法免於那些刑罰。因著其過度的自信,他想其祖先以撒的上帝是拿他沒辦法的。他們完全偏離了亞伯拉罕、以撒的信仰,背叛上帝,而徹底地變成了外邦人。

        盜賊來偷竊尚且留下一些物品不帶走,拾穗的也會留下一些農作物在田間。但以東的災難要使他們完全毀滅。那些藏在山穴中的有錢人,也都要被搜索出來(5、6節)。那些原為安全的岩洞,要變成人的墳墓。西拉(Sela,參賽42:11)這個以東的要塞,要成為歷史的古蹟,去見證上帝大能的主權。上帝使用那些以東的盟軍去攻打他,完成了上帝的旨意。不久,巴比倫來打耶路撒冷時,也席捲了以東,使那裡成為荒場。後來尼拜的人(參創25:13;28:9)又把他們趕出家園,他們只好遷到猶大南方的死海西岸。但是,他們還不斷迫害猶太人,直到瑪喀比時代被猶太化,即以土買人(可3:8),希律大帝就是這一族的。主後七十年,羅馬大將軍提都入侵至此,以土買人防禦耶路撒冷時全部被殺,自此完全絕跡。

        俄巴底亞之所以特別預言以東的傾覆,因他們以殘暴對待他們的兄弟雅各。以東人,這些以掃的後代,一向被以色列人視為兄弟之邦。因此,摩西還特別教他們不可憎恨以東人(申23:7)。但是,以東人卻未以平等之禮對待他們。他們很仇恨以色列人(參詩137:7),可能是以色列人的先祖雅各,取走了以掃長子的地位和祝福(創25:29~34;27:30~36、41;33:4)。以掃後來是原諒雅各,接受了上帝的計劃,讓雅各得父親以撒的土地(創13:14~17;28:13~14),自己往東遷移,而留雅各在迦南(創36:6~8)。但是,以掃的後裔卻嫉妒他們兄弟的產業,一直覺得那份產業應屬他們才對,因以掃本是雙胞兄弟之長。

        以東人對以色列的仇恨、嫉妒和苦毒,特別表現在耶路撒冷陷落時的幸災樂禍。他們不只在那裡幸災樂禍,還參與盟軍攻進耶路撒冷的行動。最糟糕的是,他們不但未幫助那些落難的親戚,竟然還埋伏在半路上,偷襲殺害他們,或把他們趕回家去,使他們被征服者所擄獲(14節)。上帝不會令這些人得逞,仍逍遙法外(箴17:5;24:17~18)。很多先知也定罪以東人這些惡行,認為他們應受罰(參結35:1~15;耶49:7~22;珥3:19;摩1:11~12)。

        俄巴底亞也把以東當作,那反對上帝旨意和百姓之仇敵的代表(15~16節;參賽63:1~6;34:5~8;瑪1:4)。俄巴底亞預示到,將來彌賽亞要把上帝的百姓(屬靈的雅各家),從邪惡的國度釋放出來。當主耶穌的國度來到時,他要坐在錫安山祂的寶座上掌權,那山就要成為聖潔了(17節)。到那時,上帝的百姓就要勝過以掃家,這個邪惡背叛的世界之民,他們當中無一人能存活,都要被扔在火湖裡。上帝的國度要在千喜年之中大大擴張,勝於過去那些邪惡的外邦人所掌握之地。所有上帝的見證人和拯救者,都要一同上到錫安山與祂一同掌權(21節)。

禱告

        主啊,我們知道您是一位守約者。感謝您藉耶穌的十字架賜給我們新的約,因著您的恩典和我們對您約的順從,您常垂聽我們的禱告,感謝您!奉主耶穌基督的名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Obadiah
Key Verse:"For the day of the Lord upon all the nations is near; as you have done, it shall be done to you... "(Obadiah 15)
Overview

        Edom was overly proud of themselves because of their stronghold in the rocky range of Mount Seir. But they were self-deceived to think that they were so important and safe from all enemies. Already the Lord was stirring up the other Gentile nations to despise them and plan their destruction (v. 1). Obadiah foretold that even their naturally fortified stronghold high in the cliffs, known today as Petra, could not save them from the Lord's judgment. In their earthly wisdom they built their homes high in the rocks. They thought they could not be conquered, and indeed it was impossible without the Lord's help. As a result, they had become overly confident, thinking that even the God of their father Isaac could not reach them. How wrong they would be proven! They had fallen far from the faith of their fathers Abraham and Isaac, for they had rebelled against God and had become complete pagans.

        Unlike a thief who leaves some things behind or a harvester who leaves the gleanings, the plunder and destruction upon the Edomites would be complete and all the hidden riches in their many caves would all be found (vv. 5-6). Their safe places in the rocks became their graves, and their stronghold of Petra stands today as an historical site which testifies to the sovereignty of God in history. God would use those who were once in league with Edom to accomplish His purposes against them (v. 7). Soon after the Babylonians defeated Jerusalem, they also plundered Edom, making it desolate. Then the Nabateans pushed them out of their homeland, and they moved to the west of the Dead Sea in southern Judah. They continued to persecute the Jews until they were subdued and Judaized by the Maccabees. They were known as Idumeans (Herod was one of them), but in 70 A.D., when the Roman General Titus invaded, they were killed (ironically) while defending Jerusalem. Thereafter, they disappeared as a distinct people.

        The specific reason that Obadiah gives for Edom's downfall is because of their violence toward their brother Jacob. The Edomites, being descendants of Esau (the elder twin of Jacob — sons of Isaac and Rebekah) were always considered by Israel as their brother. For this reason Moses had told them not to abhor (hate) an Edomite (Deut. 23:7), but the Edomites did not afford the Israelites this same respect. They hated the Israelites with a passion (cf. Ps. 137:7). It is most likely that after Jacob returned from Padan Aram, he and his brother Esau made a treaty together. Esau had forgiven Jacob of the wrong he did to him in taking his birthright and blessing (Gen. 25:29-34; 27:30-36, 41; 33:4), and Esau willingly accepted the plan of God for Jacob to possess the land of their father, Isaac — the land promised to Abraham's descendants (Gen. 13:14-17; 28:13-14). Esau moved eastward, leaving Jacob in Canaan (Gen. 36:6-8), but Esau's descendants were jealous of their brother's possession which they felt should have belonged to them, since Esau was the elder of the twins.

        The Edomites' hatred, envy, and bitterness against Israel caused them to rejoice at Jerusalem's destruction. But it was not enough just to look on with pleasure; they actively involved themselves in the league that came against Judah and entered the city to take plunder. The worst crime, however, was that instead of trying to help their weary relatives in their time of desperate need, they set up ambushes along the roads to catch any Jews who tried to escape; then they mercilessly killed them or returned them to be held captive by the conquerers (v. 14). God would not allow such a crime to go unpunished (Prov. 17:5; 24:17-18). Other prophets also condemned and judged Edom for these same sins (cf. Ezek. 35:1-15; Jer. 49:7-22; Joel 3:19; Amos 1:11-12).

        Like other prophets, Obadiah seems to prophesy against Edom as a representative of all those nations that oppose the plan of God and are enemies against Him and His people (vv. 15-16; cf. Isa. 63:1-6; 34:5-8; Mal.l:4). Obadiah's prophecy looks to the future Messianic deliverance of the people of God (the spiritual house of Jacob) from the wicked nations. It will only be at the time of Jesus' Kingdom in the New Jerusalem, when He reigns from Mount Zion upon His throne, that there will be holiness there (v. 17). The Lord's people will be victorious over "the house of Esau", the wicked, rebellious people of the world, from whom there will be no survivors; they will all die the second death in the lake of fire. The Kingdom of the Lord in the Millennium will expand to encompass the territories surrounding Israel which were once in the hands of the wicked heathens. Then the Lord's mighty witnesses and conquerers ("saviors") will come to Zion to rule and reign with Him (v. 21).

Prayer

        Dear Father, we recognize that You are a keeper of covenants. Thank You that You have provided the New Covenant in the cross of Jesus. On the basis of Your grace and our obedience to Your covenant, grant us the answer to our prayers.


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