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Chinese8/7/2006English
經文:以賽亞書廿至廿三章
鑰節:「守望的說……回頭再來!」(21:12)
提要

        以賽亞預言巴比倫王朝,像做一場惡夢,忽然間被毀滅(21:1~10),巴比倫伯沙撒王擺設筵席時,掠奪者以攔和瑪代攻擊他(21:5;但5:1,22~31),以賽亞說自己像個守望的人,看到巴比倫的毀滅(發生在主前五三九年)。上帝的審判臨到全地,有一天也會臨到猶大人。巴比倫人因驕傲不尊重上帝,招致可怕突來的毀滅,主再來的日子,罪人也將如此(路21:34~36)。

        廿一章中有一段對度瑪簡短的預言,包括了西珥地區的以東人,在歷史上度瑪人是以色列的仇敵,是以掃的後裔;度瑪的字根意思是安靜,經常用來形容死亡時的安靜(詩94:17;115:17),以賽亞宣佈上帝對他們的審判(21:6);西珥地的嘲弄者出聲問以賽亞:「夜裡如何?」(21:11),以賽亞立即回答他:「早晨將到……」。上帝救贖那些忠心等待祂,活在祂光中的人(耶穌的光,羅13:12,14;詩30:5)。上帝也同樣警告以東人,黑夜將到,除非回轉向上帝,不然毀壞將到(21:12;約9:4)。平安和生命是藉回轉向上帝而來,每個相信的人都是守望者,要負起責任,警告那些在審判下迷失的人(結3:17~18;與賽56:10比較),讓我們忠心嚴肅的肩負起這責任,像以賽亞一樣。

        以賽亞對亞拉伯的預言(21:13~15),是警告亞拉伯各族(以實瑪利的後裔),因為耶和華也希望他們回轉來服事上帝,但他們卻遠離上帝,以致亞述人將會統治他們,就像以東及其他國家一樣。

        廿二章以賽亞指責外邦國家之後,又回來警告耶路撒冷的人,他稱耶城為「異象谷」,可能因以賽亞在這城中接受上帝的異象和說預言;以賽亞在異象中看到,上帝挪去保護猶大人的遮蓋(22:8),巴比倫就毀滅了耶路撒冷,城中之民不知悔改求上帝幫助,卻以為可藉增強兵力,加強城牆防禦和保護水源就能得勝(22:8~11),他們又相信埃及人能幫助他們,所以他們仍繼續吃喝,不理會上帝,上帝如此懲罰他們,實在因他們所行的不可原諒(2:14)。

        他們愚蠢犯罪的相信埃及時,以賽亞提到兩個人(22:15~24;王下18:18)。舍伯那是一個不敬虔的高官,他為自己建一座墳墓,他以為自己能壽終正寢,但是以賽亞預言,他將被貶且被擄,死在外地,到時將有一個敬虔的人以利亞敬(意思是上帝將建立)代替舍伯那;以利亞敬代表了餘留下有信心的人,上帝將祝福及建立(22:23)。廿二章最後一節,警告那些信心的後裔,不要自以為有信心而實際上卻沒有,這些人將被巴比倫,連根拔起。

        以賽亞書在第二十三章最後的預言,是對當時腓尼基人繁榮的貿易中心推羅所說,這城充滿偶像、和迦南人的物質交易,以致上帝的憤怒達到頂點。腓尼基人驕傲、獨立,大部分是自以為誠實的富商。而事實上,凡事經過他們都變成不誠實(23:8~9)。上帝用巴比倫徹底毀滅推羅,這城後來完全被人遺忘、荒涼、無利可圖長達七十年之久,推羅失去自由,像一個被遺忘的妓女,已沒有媚力去引誘她以往的客人。有趣的是,以賽亞每次指責之後,都還有一線希望,推羅在日後必轉向上帝,上帝必賜福給這城中公義活在祂面前的人。以賽亞再次強調說,到那日,每個國家都要分享以色列人的祝福,上帝要在相信耶穌的人當中顯現。

禱告

        主啊!以賽亞對自己的國家及其他的國家都有負擔及有信息傳給他們,我們也求上帝,讓我們對這世界有使命感,主啊!您說:您不願一人沈淪,願萬人悔改得救。奉主耶穌聖名,阿們!

English

Scriptures:Read Isaiah 21, 22 &23
Key Verse:"The watchman said,... Return! Come back!"(Isaiah 21:12)
Overview

        Like a nightmare, Isaiah envisions the future scene of the sudden and terrible destruction of the Babylonian Empire (21:1-10), which he calls "the burden against the Wilderness of the Sea" (likely a reference to the alluvial plain of Babylon). The treacherous plunderers of Elam and Media (Persians and Medes) rushed into Babylon unexpectedly while King Belshazzar and the princes were feasting (21:5; cf. Dan. 5:1, 22-31). Isaiah saw himself as the watchman who declared the fall of Babylon (which happened in 539 B.C.) — the judgment of the Lord upon the very nation that would one day defeat Judah and take the people captive. Babylon was proud and disrespectful to the Lord. Therefore, they fell suddenly and horribly, just as it will be for the sinners in the last days (Luke 21:34-36).

        The short, yet solemn prophecy against Dumah refers to Edom (Idumea) in the region of Seir. They were historical enemies of Israel and descendants of Esau. "Dumah" appears to be a play on words; the root word means "silence", often used as a term for the place of the dead (Ps. 94:17; 115:17). Once again Isaiah is the watchman positioned by the command of the Lord to proclaim His judgment (21:6). It appears that the mockers of Seir call out to him: "what of the night" (21:11). His reply is urgent: "The morning comes..." for God's deliverance of those who are faithfully waiting for Him and living in His Light (i.e. the Light of Jesus; cf. Rom. 13:12,14; Ps. 30:5). The Edomites are also warned that the night will come, and unless they "return" to God and repent, the night of destruction will overtake them (21:12; cf. John 9:4). Safety and life can be attained only through returning to the Lord. Every believer is to be a watchman whose responsibility and duty it is to watch and warn the lost who will come under the judgment of God (Ezk. 3:17-18 compare with Is. 56:10). Let us take this responsibility as seriously and as sincerely, as did Isaiah.

        In the prophecy against Arabia (21:13-15), Isaiah gave a warning to the various Arabian tribes (descendants of Ishmael), for the Lord also desired that they return to Him and serve Him, but because they were far from Him, Isaiah predicted, as he did for Edom and many other nations, that the Assyrians would soon conquer them.

        In the midst of denouncing the heathen nations, Isaiah turns to rebuke and warn the people of Jerusalem in chapter 22. He calls Jerusalem "the Valley of Vision", possibly because there is a valley that goes through the center of the city of Jerusalem, and Isaiah received visions from the Lord there, as did other prophets. In Isaiah's vision, he saw the coming destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon, since the Lord would remove His hedge of protection from Judah (22:8); yet instead of repenting and crying out to the Lord for help (their only true defense), the people wanted to be self-sufficient and tried in vain to protect the city by increasing arms, re-fortifying the walls, and closely guarding their precious water supply (22:8-11). They also trusted in Egypt to come to their aid, and so they felt secure and continued to eat and drink, without any regard for the Lord. After all God had done for them, this was unpardonable (2:14).

        To illustrate the folly and sinfulness of trusting in Egypt, Isaiah refers to two men living in his day (22:15-24; cf. 2 Kings 18:18). Shebna was an ungodly high official who built an elborate tomb for himself, thinking he would die peacefully in his old age while at home, but Isaiah foretold that he would be demoted and taken captive to die in a foreign land. Shebna would be replaced by a godly man, Eliakim (meaning "God will establish"), who represents the faithful remnant whom the Lord will bless and establish (22:23). The final verse of chapter 22 was likely meant to serve as a warning for the descendants of the faithful who falsely supposed themselves to be secure but were unfaithful, and so they would be uprooted by the Babylonians.

        Tyre, the flourishing Phoenician coastal commercial center of the ancient world, was the object of Isaiah's final "burden" of divine judgment in chapter 23. Like the other nations, Tyre would experience God's wrath. It was an idolatrous, materialistic society related to the people of Canaan. (Tyre was also the hometown of the wicked Jezebel, wife of Ahab, king of Israel.) They were a proud and independent people, and the rich merchants were considered honourable, even though they may have been dishonest (23:8-9). The Babylonian destruction of Tyre would be so complete that the city would be forgotten, desolate, and unprofitable for seventy years. Thereafter, Tyre will fare better under Cyrus king of Persia, but she will lose her independence and be exploited like an old prostitute that is no longer desirable yet trying to seduce the favour of her former customers. Interestingly, with each denouncement that Isaiah gives, there is a message of hope. Tyre's material gain will one day be consecrated to the Lord, and God would bless the people of Tyre who live righteously before Him. Once again, Isaiah's prophecy emphasizes that there will come a time when people of every nation will share in the blessings of Israel, and as the Lord would later reveal, this would come only through faith in Jesus Christ.

Prayer

        O Lord, Isaiah had a burden and message for other nations as well as his own. We pray that we too will have a heart for world missions. We read, O Lord, that You are "not willing that any should perish but that all would come to repentance."


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